The problem under study is the uneven grinding and high specific energy consumption of grain crop hammer-type shredders with centrifugal segregation units of the air-product flow inside the working chamber. Elimination of negative consequences of segregation during grinding of the grain mass is achieved by improving the efficiency of the air-product flow management inside the hammer-type shredder working chamber; by separating of standard particles from the main flow and their lateralization (withdrawing to lateral areas) to remove from the working chamber. The analytical dependences of the trajectories of the air-product layer particles during the motion from the reflector to the sieve and their velocities profile have been obtained. The optimal range of tilt angles of the reflecting surface of the separator is in the range from 40 degrees to 50 degrees. From the condition of uniform distribution of particles on the surface of the sieve, the equation of its shape for this range has been obtained. The method of changing the shape of the reflecting surface of the separator for the use of a plane-shaped sieve is proposed. Analytical dependences allow, depending on the shape of the separator, to set the shape of the sieve and vice versa-depending on the shape of the sieve to set the shape of the separator. At the same time, the analysis of the movement of the ingredient particles will make it possible to develop the structural and technological scheme of the crusher, which provides increased productivity by improving the conditions of the grain material separation process and timely unloading the finished product from the grinding chamber.

The article is devoted to the development of technology and equipment for the production of feed with nanoparticles. One of the most important conditions for successful development of animal husbandry is the creation of a rational feed base, since this item of expenditure accounts for the largest share of financial investments in the maintenance of farm animals. The physiological needs of the animal are reduced to ensuring that the food is nutritious, easily digested, readily eaten, and contains all the necessary trace elements and vitamins necessary for normal growth and development of the body. One of the most effective ways to use feedstock is primarily related to rational methods of processing it. Modern technologies of feed preparation allow preserving their nutritional value, increasing the digestibility of animals, as well as enriching them with various biologically active additives during processing. The inclusion of nanoparticles in livestock feed improves the quality of the product and improves production. The article presents the results of the study of the influence of anchor and propeller type working bodies, as well as fixed combs, on the specific energy consumption and the degree of homogeneity during the process of mixing feed raw materials with nanoparticles. The content of nanoparticles in the selected samples was determined by the method of atomic adsorption spectrometry. The need for the presence of anchor and propeller type working elements in the mixing plant, as well as a fixed comb, was proved. Since the anchor working body is slow-moving, and the propeller is fast-moving, it is shown that they need to be installed on different shafts. The proposed design of the mixer with an optimal arrangement of working bodies allows increasing the efficiency of mixing highly dispersed components and nanomaterials, and improving the quality of the finished mixture.

No abstract

Cattle Breeding (accreditation certificate RA. RU.21PF59 of 12/02/15). Сhemical analysis was performed in the laboratory of ANO Center for Biotic Medicine, Moscow (accreditation certificate GSEN.RU.TSAO.311, registration number in the State Register ROSS RU. 0001.513118) Supported by Russian Scienсe Foundation

The stereotype of cows' machine milking and this process efficiency largely depend on the static and dynamic stability of the vacuum mode in the vacuum line of milking plants. Value destabilization of the underside vacuum, pulsation frequency and the stroke ratio, the nature of the effect of the nipple rubber on the nipple of the udder due to fluctuations of the main vacuum lead to a decrease in the rate of milking, a decrease in the productivity of animals, the disease of animals mastitis and other negative consequences. Analysis of the air flow dynamics by the vacuum system and the vacuum regulator makes it possible to predict the operation of the milking unit in a malfunctioning state and take timely measures to exclude such operating modes. The research range was controlled by the coefficient of dynamic stability of rarefaction at an unfavorable point (the ratio of the length of the curve of the actual change in rarefaction to the projection of this curve on the time axis). The group of simultaneously operating milking units was evaluated by the ripple frequency stability coefficient. Sensitivity of various controlled parameters (air flow rate by the system, air flow rate by the vacuum regulator, sum and difference of these flows, mathematical expectations and dispersion of these parameters) to main failures of the vacuum system is established (vacuum system depressurization, pipeline clogging, technology compliance by cow milking operators, milking apparatus performance, vacuum pump capacity, etc.). The possibility of preliminary formation of control action to exclude operation of the vacuum system with vacuum mode disorders is shown.