The problem under study is the uneven grinding and high specific energy consumption of grain crop hammer-type shredders with centrifugal segregation units of the air-product flow inside the working chamber. Elimination of negative consequences of segregation during grinding of the grain mass is achieved by improving the efficiency of the air-product flow management inside the hammer-type shredder working chamber; by separating of standard particles from the main flow and their lateralization (withdrawing to lateral areas) to remove from the working chamber. The analytical dependences of the trajectories of the air-product layer particles during the motion from the reflector to the sieve and their velocities profile have been obtained. The optimal range of tilt angles of the reflecting surface of the separator is in the range from 40 degrees to 50 degrees. From the condition of uniform distribution of particles on the surface of the sieve, the equation of its shape for this range has been obtained. The method of changing the shape of the reflecting surface of the separator for the use of a plane-shaped sieve is proposed. Analytical dependences allow, depending on the shape of the separator, to set the shape of the sieve and vice versa-depending on the shape of the sieve to set the shape of the separator. At the same time, the analysis of the movement of the ingredient particles will make it possible to develop the structural and technological scheme of the crusher, which provides increased productivity by improving the conditions of the grain material separation process and timely unloading the finished product from the grinding chamber.

The article is devoted to the development of technology and equipment for the production of feed with nanoparticles. One of the most important conditions for successful development of animal husbandry is the creation of a rational feed base, since this item of expenditure accounts for the largest share of financial investments in the maintenance of farm animals. The physiological needs of the animal are reduced to ensuring that the food is nutritious, easily digested, readily eaten, and contains all the necessary trace elements and vitamins necessary for normal growth and development of the body. One of the most effective ways to use feedstock is primarily related to rational methods of processing it. Modern technologies of feed preparation allow preserving their nutritional value, increasing the digestibility of animals, as well as enriching them with various biologically active additives during processing. The inclusion of nanoparticles in livestock feed improves the quality of the product and improves production. The article presents the results of the study of the influence of anchor and propeller type working bodies, as well as fixed combs, on the specific energy consumption and the degree of homogeneity during the process of mixing feed raw materials with nanoparticles. The content of nanoparticles in the selected samples was determined by the method of atomic adsorption spectrometry. The need for the presence of anchor and propeller type working elements in the mixing plant, as well as a fixed comb, was proved. Since the anchor working body is slow-moving, and the propeller is fast-moving, it is shown that they need to be installed on different shafts. The proposed design of the mixer with an optimal arrangement of working bodies allows increasing the efficiency of mixing highly dispersed components and nanomaterials, and improving the quality of the finished mixture.

No abstract

The article describes the method for determining the optimal angular velocity and the number of turns of the generator winding on permanent magnets powered by a wind turbine operating in specific operating conditions according to the wind speed regime. The optimization criterion is the maximum potential of energy that can be used to charge the battery. The permissible power of the generator and wind turbine, current and battery charging voltage are accepted as limiting factors. The restriction is provided by connecting a ballast resistor to the generator output. The power developed by the turbine is determined taking into account the wind energy utilization factor, which depends on the angular velocity of its shaft and wind speed. Two variants of power limitation are compared: by limiting the angular velocity by aerodynamic means and by stopping the wind turbine. The return of energy to charging in both cases is determined taking into account the distribution of wind speeds, obeying the Weibull probability distribution law. As an example, the calculation of the possible annual power generation for charging a battery with a capacity of 200 A∙h with a voltage of 24 volts from a synchron generator with a number of poles of 48 driven by a wind turbine with a radius of 2 meters, operating in an area with an average wind speed of 5 m/s. The calculation shows that for the parameters and operating conditions of the electrical installation used in the example, the maximum annual energy output (3.3 × 103 kWh) is observed at optimal 11 turns of the winding at each of the poles of the generator. The deviation of the number of turns from the optimal one in both directions by 2 times leads, with the same dimensions of the wind turbine, to a decrease in annual energy output by 3...5 times, which is a clear proof of the need to carry out such a calculation for each specific wind turbine.

The process of combing out down in goats still remains practically non-mechanized, and therefore very difficult for operators. For the successful development of the down goat breeding industry, it is necessary to conduct research in the development of mechanical devices that will significantly facilitate the work of operators and will increase their productivity. It is equally important to ensure careful combing of down, which will not cause injury to the animal and will improve the quality of the combed down. When developing a mechanical device for combing down in goats, it is necessary to repeat the process of manual combing of down as accurately as possible. To do this, an analysis of the trajectory of movement of the tip of the comb tooth during manual combing was carried out. Based on the results of the analysis, the scheme of a combing device based on the Chebyshev hinge-lever mechanism was proposed. Analytical equations linking the known parameters of the input (leading) link with the unknown parameters of the driving links are derived within the framework of the analytical method of the kinematic study of mechanisms. Using these equations, it is possible to calculate with a predetermined accuracy the necessary kinematic parameters (displacements, velocities, accelerations, both linear and angular) of the output link and driving links. Based on the results of full-scale modeling and theoretical calculations, the optimal dimensions of the main parts of the device were established. The use of the proposed mechanism will reduce physical effort and operator fatigue, increase productivity due to the abandonment of manual labor and improvement of the device.