Drainage systems in the Chornobyl exclusion zone (CHEZ) are considered in the context of this zone's performance of barrier functions to contain the water transport of radionuclides beyond its borders. The principles of assessing the barrier resistance of catchment basins are described, taking into account landscape features and the dynamics of 90Sr removal; the role of drainage systems in the formation of removal of radionuclides at different stages of post-accident works and during periods of different water levels was analyzed, and effective water protection measures were proposed. Natural landscape and geochemical characteristics of catchments, not water protection measures and structures, are responsible for the formation of stable barrier functions. Various man-made facilities mostly only worsen the barrier capacity of the catchment in the long term; for example, the additional artificial drainage network due to the possibility of its regulation helps to reduce the removal of radionuclides in low-water years, but in high-water, it significantly weakens the barrier functions.
iMPaCt of natural eleCtriC Currents and MiCro-GeodYnaMiC ProCesses on the lithoGenesis of CoVerinG dePosits Розглянуті питання впливу мікрогеодинамічних і електрогеодинамічних процесів на літогенез покривних відкладів. За результатами експериментальних досліджень були встановлені особливості впливу природних електричних струмів на геохімічні процеси і генетичний зв'язок між характером змін електричних струмів по розрізу з літологічними горизонтами зони аерації. Ключові слова: електрогеодинаміка, мікрогеодинамічні зони, зона аерації, літогенезис, новоутворення, електроліз.Рассмотрены вопросы влияния микрогеодинамических и электрогеодинамических процессов на литогенез покровных отложений. По результатам экспериментальных исследований были установлены особенности влияния природных электрических токов на геохимические процессы и генетическая связь между характером изменения электрических токов по разрезу с литологическими горизонтами зоны аэрации. Ключевые слова: электрогеодинамика, микрогеодинамические зоны, зона аэрации, литогенез, новообразования, электролиз.The paper considers questions of micro-geodynamic and electro-geodynamic processes influence on the lithogenesis of covering deposits. Using the experimental research results, the character of influence of natural electric currents on the geochemical processes and the regular relation between specific features of electric currents and the lithogenetic horizons of rocks in the aeration zone were revealed.
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