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Author reported conclusively through the state-of-the-art closed-form analytical methodology that the stroke and the transient-ischemic-attack could occur due to the boundary-layer induced blockage at the transition region while attaining the biofluid choking condition without any iota of symptom of plaque formation in the arteries particularly with bifurcation regions. At the biofluid choking condition, the systolic-to-diastolic blood pressure ratio (BPR) is a unique function of the blood/biofluid heat capacity ratio (BHCR). The biofluid flow choking occurs when the blood/biofluid velocity in the blockage region (boundary-layer and/or plaque-induced blockage) is equal to the local velocity of sound. Biofluid choking is more susceptible during winter due to an enhanced blood viscosity. Sanal flow choking creates cavitation and shock waves leading to pressure-overshoot causing stroke and/or Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD). The SCAD is more severe for the vessels with high-relaxation modulus as a result of the memory effect (stroke history) carried over the years due to choking and unchoking phenomena due to the fluctuating BPR. While using the blood-thinners and/or drugs with anticoagulant properties the dynamic viscosity of blood decreases and as a result Reynolds number increases and the laminar flow could be disrupted and become turbulent and thereby the boundary-layer-blockage factor increases leading to an early biofluid choking, cavitation and shock wave generation. The author concluded that suppressing the turbulence level and simultaneously reducing the blood viscosity are the key tasks to prevent heart attack and stroke, which could be achieved through a single-medicine or a companion-medicine, with traditional-anticoagulants-drugs, capable to increase the BHCR or decrease the BPR. The author also concluded through an analytical model that the stents could reduce the risk of MI but no better than drugs owing to the fact the biofluid choking could occur with and without stent.

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