Moving from a set of independent virtual worlds to an integrated network of 3D virtual worlds or Metaverse rests on progress in four areas: immersive realism, ubiquity of access and identity, interoperability, and scalability. For each area, the current status and needed developments in order to achieve a functional Metaverse are described. Factors that support the formation of a viable Metaverse, such as institutional and popular interest and ongoing improvements in hardware performance, and factors that constrain the achievement of this goal, including limits in computational methods and unrealized collaboration among virtual world stakeholders and developers, are also considered.

G values (molecules per 100 eV> of the aqueous radiolytic products OH radical, HO, radical, H, and H,O, molecules were measured for a variety of radiation types and scavenger concentrations. The radiations included "Co gamma, protons, 4He, 14N and ,*Ne ions.As expected G(0H) increased with increasing scavenger concentration and decreased with increasing LET (linear energy transfer, -dE/dx) of the radiation. G(H,) increased monotonically with increasing LET, as did G(H0,). G(H,O,) at first increased and then decreased with increasing LET. The results are compared with those of other workers and with computed G values from the modified prescribed diffusion model.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract