The well-known Yellow Book, nickname for thepublication by the Dutch Ministry of Social Affairs and the Environment contains a number of models for prediction of the effects following an accidental release of hazardous materials. llV0 was involved in a complete revision of this Yellow Book. One of the models that has been completely revised is the blast prediction model for vapor cloud explosions. 7be Multy-Enew model was selected as the new model to be incorporated in the revision. 7be concept of the Multy-Enew model is widely accepted as a better alternative to 71vT equivalence methods although a practical application is hampered by a lack of guidance for application in practice. Guidance for application is given in the revision, though it still leads to conservative solutions. 7bis paper describes how the method should be a p plied according to the revised Yellow Book. 7be motivation for the guidance f o r application given is discussed by comparison with guidance given in other publications and with experimental results obtained from some laTe scale eqerimental programs. Present efforts in an ongoing research program by llV0 to obtain more detailed and sound guidance is presented as well.
Within the project “MERGE”, an acronym for Modelling and Experimental Research into Gas Explosions, eight institutes from five different European countries co‐operated to increase the understanding of vapor cloud explosions and to improve the sophisticated computerized prediction techniques that were, until this project, under separate development at several institutes.
The objectives of the project were:
to provide a consistent set of data on the influence of obstacles on flame propagation in initially quiescent mixtures at various geometrical scales;
to improve, compare and validate numerical models for vapor cloud explosion simulation;
to validate scaling techniques for explosion experiments;
to investigate and to model jet explosions.
The second item is discussed in this report.
An experimental investigation has been performed into the venting of methane‐air explosions in heating plants. The investigation was performed on a realistic scale in a 38.5 m3 enclosure. The first part of the experimental program concerns the influence of the “usual” parameters such as the vent opening area, the vent opening pressure, the ignition location and the vent opening configuration. The second part of the investigation concerns the influence of factors related to heating plants. Thus the effect of introducing a large obstacle, that is the central heating apparatus, and the effect of venting through a dormer window (heating plants are often located in the cellar of a building allowing explosion venting via a dormer window only) are investigated.
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