Differently treated PbTe surfaces have been investigated by means of reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEEl)) and Euthorford backscattering (RBS). It has been shown that chemical lap polishing followed by heat treatment is the best method to fulfil tho requirements of the following epitaxy process concerning the absence of contaminations, the high structural surface perfection, and the flatness of the substrates.Thc influence of heat treatment on structural perfection and chemical composition in the surface region has been investigated to determine the optimal conditions for the tempering step before epitaxy.Untcrschiedlich behandelte PbTe-Oberfliichen wurden mit Hilfe der Zteflexionsbeugung hochenergetischer Elektronen (RHEED) iind der Rutherford-Ruckstrouung (RRS) untersucht. Es wiirde gezcigt, daIj die chemische Wischpolitur, gefolgt von einer Tempcrbehandlung, die gunstigste Methodo z u r Erfiillung der Forderungen des anschliefienden Epitaxieprozesses hinsichtlich der Freiheit von Kontaminationen, der hohen strukturelleri Oberfliichenperfektion und der Substratebenheit darstellt. I)er EinfluB einer Wiirmebehandlnng auf die strukturelle Perfektion und chemischc Zusammensetzung im Oberflachenbercich wurde untersucht, um die optimalen Redingungcn fiir den Temperschritt vor dcr Epitaxie zu bestimmen.
For incandescent lamp wire fabrication various powder metallurgical steps are necessary. The stepwise reduction of WO, t o the tungsten metal powder is one of these.Diiring reduction chemical reactions take place under participation of doping elements (K, Si and Al) causing the structure of non-sag wires. The origin of secondary p-W like an indicator for the activity of dopings has been attributed importance. Therefore it has been developed a method for quantitative phase analysis of a-W, 8-W, WO, mixtures consisting of oxidation value determination to establish the WO, content and X-ray phase analysis for a quantitative separation of the a-W and ,9-W content. The influence of extinction effects caused by particle size has been investigated and i t is proposed a correction method of the measured integral intensities as a function of half-width of the (110)
I n the powder metallurgical process of tungsten wire fabrication for incandescent lamps the stepwise reduction of tungsten oxides (WO, or W,,O,,) plays an important role in respect t o the efficiency of doping elements (especially potassium) for the formation of the non sag structure of tungsten wires. The influence of temperature and time in the reduction steps has been investigated by means of the X-ray method for determination of particle size and internal strain described by KOCHENDOERFER. It has been founded a close relationship between the internal structure of metal powder (especially internal strain) and the potassium content as well as the sintering behaviour of these powders. -The KOCHEN-DOERFER method is a usefull tool for the improvement of reduction parameters in regard t o the sintering behaviour.I m pulvermetallurgischen ProzeB der Herstellung von Wolfraumdriihten fur Gliihlampen spielt die stufenweise Reduktion der Wolframoxide (WO, oder W,,O,,) eine grol3e Rolle. Sie hat EinfluB auf die Wirksamkeit der Dopingelemente (vor allem Kalium) fur die Ausbildung des Non-sag-Gefuges im Wolframdraht. Mittels der rontgenografischen Bestimmung der TeilchengroPse und Gitterverzerrung nach KOCHENDOERBER wird der EinfluB der Temperatur und Zeit in den Reduktionsstufen untersucht.Es konnte ein enger Zusammenhang zwischen der inneren Struktur der Metallpulver (vor allem der Gitterverzerrung) und dem Kaliumgehalt sowie dem Sinterverbalten der Pulver festgestelh werden. -Die KoCaENDoERFER-Methode erweist sich als nutzliches Hilfsmittel zur Optimierung der Reduktionsparameter unter Beriicksichtigung des Sinterverhaltens der Pulver.
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