THE following account of the Freshwater Fishes of South Africa is based on collections in the South African, Bulawayo and Transvaal Museums. * Much of the material was procured by the aid of grants from the British Association and the South African Association for Colour (of preserved specimen), uniform brown, lighter below. One specimen, 90 mm. in length, from Leydsdorp, Transvaal (J. Naughton).

Total length over 1 metre. Indian and South Pa.cific Oceans ; entering rivers of East Africa and Natal." SUB-ORDER HAPLOMI. FAMILY GALAXIIDAE." The Galaxiidae present many analogies to the Salmonidae of the Northern Hemisphere, both being circumpolar groups of marine origin which are establishing themselves in fresh-water. ID both families we meet with non-migratory forms which appear to have finally left the sea, and with others which return to the sea periodically ; but whilst the migratory Salmonidae are anadromous (ascending rivers to spawn), the migratory Galaxiidae, on the contrary, are catadromous (going down to the sea to spawn). . . . The burrowing-habits of a species of Golaxias have been recorded by T. S. Hall (Viet. Nat., xviii, 1900, p. 65), who states that, according to the observations of Mr. Bussell Eitcliie of Launceston, in Tasmania, Galaxias have been dug up in moist peaty soil, and swim when placed in water. As many as twelve at a time have been dug up in one place and lived in water in a pickle jar for various periods up to three days." (Began ;

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