We determined the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Jakarta and neighboring areas, Indonesia from March 2020 to February 2021, based on nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swab specimens that were tested at the Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta. NP/OP swab specimens were collected from COVID-19 suspects or individuals in contact tracing programs from primary healthcare centers (PHC) and hospitals. The specimens were screened for the SARS-CoV-2 by qRT-PCR. Demography data and clinical symptoms were collected using national standardized laboratory form. Of 64,364 specimens, 10,130 (15.7%) were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2, with the peak prevalence of infection in March 2020 (26.3%) follow by in January 2021 (23.9%) and February 2021 (21.8%). We found that the positivity rate of the specimens from Jakarta, West Java, and Banten was 16.3%, 13.3%, and 16.8%, respectively. Positivity rate was higher in specimens from hospitals (16.9%) than PHC (9.4%). Of the positive specimens, 29.6% were from individuals aged >60 years old, followed by individuals aged 41–60 years old (24.2%). Among symptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2, the most common symptoms were cough, fever, and a combination of both cough & fever. In conclusion, this study illustrates the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics from one COVID-19 diagnostic center in Jakarta and neighbouring areas in Indonesia.

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none belonged to global epidemic clone ST258. Interestingly, IncL plasmid known to carry bla OXA48-like was absent in Indian isolates despite high rates of bla OXA48-like . Plasmid mediated colistin resistance is absent. There is threat of ST23 MDR hypervirulent Kp. High rate of colistin resistance is worrisome for management of these infections. Therapeutic options for Indian Kp are different from other regions due to prevalence of OXA48-like and NDM carbapenemases.

We investigated the resistance genes, pilus islet, biofilm formation ability, and sequence types of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (MDRSP) isolated from the healthy children below 5 years of age in Indonesia. In all, 104 archived MDRSP isolates were screened for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes and  the rrgC  (pilus islet 1) and pitB (pilus islet 2) genes. Multilocus sequence typing and  biofilm formation was determined by DNA sequencing and the ability of cells to adhere to the walls respectively. Results have shown that the mefA, ermB, and tetM genes were found in 93%, 52%, and 100% of MDRSP isolates respectively. The insertion of arginine, proline, and Ile-100-Leu were the most common mutations in the folA and folP genes. Pilus islet 1 and type 2 were discovered in 93% and 82% of MDRSP isolates respectively. The MDRSP isolates showed no biofilm formation ability (64%) and  the most of sequence type was ST1464. This finding can be used to provide further considerations in implementing and monitoring pneumococcal vaccination in Indonesia.