ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan senyawa antioksidan teh hijau dan menjelaskan efektifitas teh hijau daun mangrove sebagai anticholesterol pada mencit. Senyawa kimia bahan antioksidaan teh hijau pada daun mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, B. parviflora, Rhizophora stylosa, R. mucronata, Lumnitzera racemosa, Ceriops tagal dan C. decandra dianalisis dengan GCMS, sedangkan khasiat teh hijau daun mangroves sebagai antikolesterol di ujikan pada mencit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa senyawa bahan teh hijau bervariasi diantara daun mangrove yaitu polifenol sederhana ditemukan pada daun semua jenis mangrove yang menjadi sampel penelitian dengan konsentrasi yang bervariasi. Senyawa katekin hanya ditemukan pada daun mangrove Ceriops decandra, L. racemosa, R. mucronata dan R. apiculata. Di sisi lain, flavonoid terdeteksi hanya pada daun C. tagal, B. gymnorrhiza dan R. stylosa, sedangkan senyawa T-flavin hanya ditemukan pada daun B. parviflora. Teh hijau daun mangrove mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol mencit dengan kisaran 33,33 sampai 53,67% mengindikasikan besarnya potensi daun mangrove sebagai bahan  teh hijau antikolesterol.Kata kunci: bahan teh hijau, polifenol sederhana, katekin, flavonoid, antikolesterol, daun mangroveABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine the antioxidant properties of green tea material in mangrove leaves and elucidate their capacity on reducing the cholesterol of mice. The chemical properties in  leaves of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, B. parviflora, Rhizophora stylosa, R. mucronata, Lumnitzera racemosa, Ceriops tagal and C. decandra were analyzed by GCMS, while their capability as anticholesterol of mice were examined. The results showed that simple polyphenols were found in all sampled mangrove leaves with different concentration, while the chatechine was found only in leaves of four mangroves including Ceriops decandra, L. racemosa, R. mucronata and R. apiculata. On the other hand, flavonoids was detected only in leaves of C. tagal,  B. gymnorrhiza and R. stylosa. Meanwhile, T-flavine was detected only in leaves of B. parviflora. However, green tea material for all of sampled mangroves showed high capacity to reduce cholesterol of mice that ranging from 33.33% to 53.67%, which indicated high potentitiality of mangroves leaves as green tea material of anticholesterol.Keywords: Green tea material, simple polyphenol, cathechin, flavonoid, anticholesterol, Mangroves leaves

This study aims to find out the effectiveness of ethanol extract rhizome curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) as an antipyretic in mice(Mus muscullus L.) hyperpireksia. This study is an experimental study with the Complete Randomized Design (RAL) method. A total of 15 male mice weighing 30-35 grams were divided into 5 treatment groups namely KN (drinking water), KP (paracetamol), P1 (extract 3 mg/gr BB), P2 (extract 8 mg/gr BB) and P3 (extract 14 mg/gr BB). Hyperpyreksia is obtained by inducing mice with 10% peptons. When it reaches above normal temperatures (35.50C - 37.00C), it is given extracts according to the treatment group and measured its effect at minutes 30, 60 and 90. The data was analyzed using ANOVA with α=0.05 and advanced tests of LSD. The results showed P3 was more effective and faster at lowering body temperature, compared to KN, P1 and P2. Seen in the 90th minute the body temperature squeaked P3 (35.960C) back to normal temperatures and closer to KP (35,760C), after which followed by P2 (36.30C). KN (38,630C) and P1 (37,630C) are still categorized as high, as they have not returned to normal temperatures. The results can be concluded that the ethanol extract of curcuma rhizome has antipyretic activity. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol rimpang temulawak(Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) sebagai antipiretik pada mencitMus muscullus L.) hiperpireksia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Sebanyak 15 ekor mencit jantan berat 30-35 gram dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu KN (air minum), KP (parasetamol), P1 (ekstrak 3 mg/gr BB), P2 (ekstrak 8 mg/gr BB) dan P3 (ekstrak 14 mg/gr BB). Mencit hiperpireksia diperoleh dengan cara menginduksi mencit dengan pepton 10 %. Ketika mencapai di atas suhu normal (35,50C - 37,00C), maka diberikan ekstrak sesuai kelompok perlakuan dan diukur pengaruhnya pada menit ke 30, 60 dan 90. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan α=0,05 dan uji lanjut LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan P3 lebih efektif dan lebih cepat menurunkan suhu tubuh mencit, dibandingkan dengan KN, P1 dan P2. Dilihat pada menit ke-90 suhu tubuh mencit P3 (35,960C) kembali ke suhu normal dan lebih mendekati KP (35,760C), setelah itu diikuti P2 (36,30C). KN (38,630C) dan P1 (37,630C) masih dikategorikan tinggi, karena belum kembali ke suhu normal. Hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol rimpang temulawak memiliki aktivitas antipiretik.Kata Kunci : Antipiretik, Temulawak, Mencit, Efektitivitas, Hiperpireksia.

Lignin degradation from sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) waste has been carried out using a TiO2 catalyst. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of lignin degradation from sago waste using a TiO2 catalyst. Lignin from sago pulp was isolated using 10% NaOH and characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results of the characterization using FTIR show that the absorption at wave number 2937.59 cm-1 is the -C-H stretching vibration of the alkane functional groups, the absorption at wave number 2360.87 cm-1 is the vibration of the C≡C triple bond, the wave numbers 1795.73 cm-1 and 1637.56 cm-1 are associated with the stretching of the carbonyl group. The absorption at wave number 1427.32 cm-1 is a C-H vibration connected to an unsaturated bond in an aromatic ring. Absorptions at wave number 1105.21 cm-1, 1128.36 cm-1, 1153.43 cm-1 were the stretching vibration of -C-H on the guaiasil ring, and the absorption at wave number 1022.27 cm-1 was the stretching vibration of C-O-C ether. From this spectrum, it can be seen that lignin is not completely pure because it is probably still mixed with cellulose. The results of the effectiveness test of lignin degradation using a TiO2 catalyst with the help of UV light were able to degrade the lignin isolated by 31.43%, for 3 hours at a lignin concentration of 40 ppm.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of sembung legi leaf gel (Blumea balsamifera L.) and its effect on wound healing in mice (Mus musculus L.). The leaves of sembung legi are first extracted by maceration and then made gel preparations with a formula of 3%, 4%, and 5%. Parameters in this research is antibacterial test against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and the length of time for wound healing. The activity of antibacterial is tested  by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition against the growth of S.aureus bacteria. Gel test as a wound healing preparation was carried out on mice.A total of 15 mice aged 2 - 3 months were divided into 5 treatment groups, namely negative control (without treatment), positive control (Kalmicetine 10%), K1 (3% gel), K2 (4% gel), and K3 (5% gel).  The back of the mice was injured with a 1 cm incision, then treated by sembung legi leaf gel 3 times a day for 14 days. Wound healing time data were analyzed by ANOVA and LSD test. The results showed that sembung legi leaf gel could inhibit the growth of S.aureus bacteria with an average diameter of the clear zone for each treatment, namely KN (0.0 mm), KP (30.15 mm), K1 (4.77 mm), K2 ( 4.81 mm), and K3 (6.31 mm). The parameters of the mean length of time for wound healing with healing parameters were the absence of erythema, swelling, wound closure, and healing for all treatments, namely KN (12.3 days), KP (8.3 days), K1 (11.3 days), K2 (10.6 days), and K3 (9.6 days). It is concluded that sembung legi leaf gel can inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria and speed up wound healing time, so that it can be used as an alternative gel preparation in wound healing. Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Leaf Blumea balsamifera L.; Mice; Staphylococcus aureus; Wound healing.   Abstrak  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri gel daun sambung legi (Blumea balsamifera L.) dan pengaruhnya terhadap penyembuhan luka pada mencit (Mus musculus L.). Daun sembung legi dimaserasi dan dibuat sediaan gel dengan formula 3%, 4%, dan 5%. Penelitian ini menguji antibakteri S. aureus dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri dan lama waktu penyembuhan luka. Uji gel sebagai sediaan penyembuh luka dilakukan terhadap hewan uji mencit. Sebanyak 15 ekor mencit berumur 2 – 3 bulan dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol negatif (tanpa perlakuan), kontrol positif (Kalmicetine 10%), K1 (gel 3%), K2 (gel 4%), dan K3 (gel 5%). Punggung mencit dilukai dengan sayatan sepanjang 1 cm, kemudian dioleskan gel  daun sembung legi sebanyak 3 kali sehari selama 14 hari. Data lama waktu penyembuhan luka dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan uji LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gel daun sembung legi dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dengan rata-rata diameter zona bening  setiap perlakuan yaitu  KN (0,0 mm), KP (30,15 mm), K1 (4,77 mm), K2 (4,81 mm), dan  K3 (6.31 mm). Rerata lama penyembuhan luka dengan parameter penyembuhan berupa tidak adanya eritema, pembengkakan, luka menutup, dan sembuh untuk semua perlakuan yaitu KN (12.3 hari), KP (8,3 hari), K1 (11,3 hari), K2 (10,6 hari), dan K3 (9,6 hari). Kesimpulan: Gel daun sembung legi dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan mempercepat waktu penyembuhan luka, sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai sediaan gel alternatif dalam penyembuhan luka. Kata Kunci : Aktivitas antibakteri; Daun Blumea balsamifera L.; Mencit; Penyembuhan luka; Staphylococcus aureus.