In generally, the metal catalyst which synthesis by conventional techniques is usually in metal oxide form or easily oxidize in the air thus the metal catalyst must reduce to metallic form before using. It was complex process and dangerous. In the research, Carbon material from cattail flower (CF) were used as supporter of Nickel/Carbon supported metal catalyst (Ni/C). This research were studied effect of used carbon material from CF as supporter of Ni/C and varying nickel loading. The Ni/C catalyst were prepared by hydrothermal, impregnation and calcination process. Firstly, Dried CF has been pretreat via hydrothermal process with optimized condition at 180°C for 8h. Then, the nickel solution was added to support via impregnation method by varying Ni loading from 20 to 60 wt% of supported. Finally, the sample has been pelleted into 0.5mm-Ni/C pellet and calcined at 900°C for 2h under nitrogen atmosphere. Ni/C were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), surface area and pore size distribution was determined by N2 adsorption. The result indicate that nickel particle on Ni/C were in the free metal from without reduction and well dispersed on supported surface. Particle size and surface area of Ni/C were decreases at the increase metal loading. Nickel/Carbon supported metal catalyst were ready to use and could be controlled particle size, surface area and crystallinity by metal loading.

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Carbon-supported metal (nickel) catalysts has been synthesized from Cattail flower (CF) by two stage processes: hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and electroplating technique. In the first stage, CF has been transformed in the HTC process with optimized condition at 180°C for 8h. Then the samples have been compressed into the 5 mm-pellet and calcined under nitrogen atmosphere at 900°C for 2 h to active-surface carbon which produced high surface area and good conductivity. In the second stage, the products obtained from HTC were subjected to produce the carbon-supported metal catalysts. Due to the good electrical conductivity of the carbon from HTC process, the metal can be effectively deposited on the carbon surface. Various parameters such as temperature of solution (40-60°C) and voltage (3.0-5.0V) have been studied. The results indicated that the electroplating process of solution temperature 50°C under applied voltages at 4.0V were the optimal conditions produced to mostly metallic phase.