Background and ObjectivesAmiodarone (AM), a class 3 antiarrhythmic drug, has been associated with variety of adverse effects, the most serious of which is pulmonary toxicity. Ator (A) is a statin, known for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Recent studies provide evidence of potential therapeutic effect of statins on lung injury. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) have shown great promise in the repair of various tissues. The present study aimed at investigating and comparing the possible therapeutic effect of A and ADSCs on AM induced lung injury in albino rats.Methods and Results34 adult male albino rats were divided into 5 groups: control group (Gp I), A group (Gp II) received 10 mg/kg of A orally 6 days (d)/week (w) for 4 weeks (ws), AM group (Gp III) received 30 mg/kg of AM orally 6 d/w for 4 ws, AM&A group (Gp IV) received AM for 4ws then A for other 4 ws and AM&SCs group (Gp V) received AM for 4 ws then injected with 0.5 ml ADSCs on 2 successive days intravenously (IV). Histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies were performed. Group III displayed bronchiolitis obliterans, thickened interalveolar septa (IAS) and thickened vascular wall which were proven morphometrically. Increased area% of collagen fibers and apoptotic changes were recorded. All findings regressed on A administration and ADSCs therapy.ConclusionAtor proved a definite ameliorating effect on the degenerative, inflammatory, apoptotic and fibrotic changes induced by AM. ADSCs administration denoted more remarkable therapeutic effect compared to A.

Background and ObjectivesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Increasing evidence implicates diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor for AD. Green tea (GT) has several beneficial effects attributed to its anti-oxidant phenolic compounds. Adipose tissue is a rich source of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). This study was designed to evaluate and compare the possible therapeutic effect of green tea extract (GTE) and ADSCs on AD complicating induced DM in male rat.Methods31 adult male albino rats were divided into 5 groups. Group I (Control), Group II received GTE, 50 mg/kg daily orally for 4 weeks, Group III received a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ), 50 mg/kg, Group IV: received STZ followed by GTE and Group V: received STZ followed by human ADSCs (hADSCs) intravenously.ResultsMultiple acidophilic masses, deformed neurons, Congo red +ve masses and Caspase 3 +ve neurons were seen in group III, became few in group IV and occasional in group V. Multiple Prussian blue +ve cells were detected in group V. Some CD44 +ve cells were noticed in group III, became multiple in groups IV and V. The mean area of neurons exhibiting acidophilic cytoplasm, mean area of amyloid plaques and mean area % of Caspase 3 +ve cells indicated a significant increase in group III. The mean area % of CD44 +ve cells recorded a significant increase in group IV.ConclusionshADSCs exerted a more marked therapeutic effect on the neurodegenerative changes complicating DM and corresponding to AD.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A has gained popularity in many clinical fields, for a variety of aesthetic and therapeutic purposes. In addition, there have been reports regarding the positive effect of botulinum toxin type A on flap survival by various mechanisms. This study examines the role of botulinum toxin type A and lidocaine in augmentation of flap survival and decreasing the rate of necrosis in random pattern cutaneous flaps. Methods: In 45 male Sprague-Dawley rats, random pattern skin flaps with different width-to-length ratios were elevated. Botulinum toxin type A, lidocaine, or saline was administered to the base and whole length of the flap. Flap survival was evaluated on day 10 after surgery. The area of flap survival was determined grossly on the basis of its appearance, color, and texture. Results: The botulinum toxin type A group had a greater survival area (p < 0.05) compared with the lidocaine or saline group in flaps with width-to-length ratios of 1:2 and 1:3; however, compared with a width-to-length ratio of 1:1, the flap survival rate shows no statistically significant variations. Conclusion: Injection of botulinum toxin type A in random pattern skin flaps improves tissue perfusion and increases the rate of flap survival more than lidocaine in flaps with width-to-length ratios of 1:2 and 1:3.

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