No abstract

Coneflower is a medicinal plant that was introduced from North America. This plant is useful as an immunomodulator, which can protect the human body’s immune system from extreme climate change. Coneflower plants in Indonesia are generally grown in highlands that have low temperatures as in their native areas. Indonesia’s tropical environmental conditions, especially in the lowlands, and increasing temperatures as part of global warming are a concern for coneflower cultivation because high climate differences can affect plant growth and physiology. One of the efforts to improve plant properties to obtain plants that are suitable for living in a high-temperature environment can be done by gamma-ray irradiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and physiology of the Coneflower plant irradiated by gamma rays. The study was conducted using a simple design experiment method by planting the population per treatment into successive plots. The seeds used were Coneflower plant accession 2 seeds from the Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines Research and Development Centre (B2P2TOOT) Tawangmangu. The irradiation doses used were 0 (control), 5Gy, 15Gy, and 25Gy. The results showed the highest plant height, and the number of leaves on 15 Gy irradiated plants. The highest total chlorophyll content was in 5Gy irradiated plants, while the highest leaf area was in 25Gy irradiated plants. Morphology and physiology of irradiated plants showed greater growth than control plants.

Abstract. Hanifah WN, Parjanto, Hartati S, Yunus A. 2020. The performances of m4 generation of Mentik Susu rice mutants irradiated with gamma-ray. Biodiversitas 21: 4041-4046. Mentik Susu is local rice from Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. It has superiority, in terms of soft texture and white color, but on the other hand, this local rice has the disadvantage of having relatively high stems, low yield, and long life. One way to overcome the weakness of Mentik Susu rice is by mutating plants using gamma-rays. The purpose of this research was to study M4 mutants from Mentik Susu rice irradiated with gamma-ray and to select mutans that have short stem and high productivity. The study was conducted using a simple random design experiment by planting various strains of M4 generation of Mentik Susu rice irradiated with 100 Gy and 200 Gy gamma-rays. T-test was employed to test the difference between strains treated with gamma-ray irradiation and control samples (without gamma-ray irradiation). The results showed that the M4 Mentik Susu rice irradiated with 100 Gy and 200 Gy gamma-rays in overall had lower stems, shorter flowering and harvesting ages, and higher productivity than non-irradiated Mentik Susu rice (control). The strains with the shortest stem and with highest yield productivity was resulted from 200 Gy gamma-ray irradiation with code of M-MS200-G15T3-2. This study also selected 30 individual mutant plants that had short stems and high productivity, suggesting that these plants can be passed to M5 generation.