To exam ine the utility of the rev ised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R ) to measure optimism among Hong Kong Chinese, the psychometric properties of the revised and the original versions of the Life Orientation Test w ere compared. A total of 248 Hong Kong Chinese undergraduates w ere studied in the fall and 165 of these participants were tested agai n 5 months late r. Results indicated that the LOT-R is a reliable and valid measure of dispositional optimism among Hong Kong Chinese. Con® rmatory fac tor analysis showed that the LOT-R represents a one-fac tor model of optimism better than does the original ve rsion. Despite its brevity, the LOT-R is psychometrically sounder than the original sclae. These ® ndings point to the feasibility of replacing the original w ith the revised scale in future research among Hong Kong Chinese. However, the utility of the revised test in cross-c ultural comparisons may still be limited by the absence of emic components. Further research on optimism in the Chinese people w ith the LOT-R should pay more atte ntion to the identi® cation of e mic dimensions.L' utilite  du Life Orientation Test re  vise  (LOT-R) pour mesurer l' optimisme chez des chinois de Hong Kong est e  val ue  e en comparant les proprie  te  s psychome  triques des ve rsions originale et re  vise  e. Un e  c hantillon de 248 e  tudiants pre  gradue  s a e  te  e  tudie  a Á l' automne et 165 de ces participants ont e  te  reteste  s 5 mois plus tard. Les re  sultats indiquent que le LOT-R est une mesure ® able et valide de la tendance a Á l' optimisme chez les chinois de Hong Kong. Une analyse fac torielle con® rmatoire montre que le LOT-R repre  sente mieux que la version originale le mode Á le unifac toriel de l' optimisme. Bien qu' il soit bref, le LOT-R est une meilleure mesure que l' e  preuve originale. Ces re  sultats de  montrent qu' il e st possible maintenant de remplacer l' e  preuve originale par l' e  preuve re  vise  e dans les futures recherches sur les chinois de Hong Kong. Cependant, l' utilite  de l' e  preuve re  vise  e dans les comparaisons interculturelles peut encore demeurer limite  e a Á cause de l' absence de composantes e  miques. A Á l' ave nir, les travaux sur l' optimisme du peuple chinois qui utiliseront le LOT-R devront porter plus atte ntion a Á l' identi® cation des dimensions e  miques.

Preventive home visits were not effective in reducing hospital readmissions, but satisfaction with care was enhanced. Subjective well-being is a key variable that warrants attention in the planning and evaluation of postdischarge home care.

Use of the phi could improve the accuracy of PCa detection in patients with an elevated PSA level and thus avoid unnecessary prostatic biopsies.

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In this study, TTPN was a good prognostic indicator for PFS beyond TTPN and OS beyond TTPN in metastatic prostate cancer cases after primary ADT. Different TTPNs had different implications for predicting survival beyond TTPN.