In-pond raceway system technology (IPRS) was introduced in Pakistan in 2019 as solution for sustainable aquaculture approach by effectively increasing production, reducing pollution and facilitating feed and pond management. Fingerlings of GIFT Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) (n = 16,500 in each raceway, initial weight = 32.00 ± 1.26 g) were stocked in June 2019 in two IPRS raceways (area of each raceway = 220 m 3 ) for 171 days until harvested on November 30, 2019. Fingerlings stocked in traditional earthen ponds (area of each pond = 6167 m 3 ) were studied as control (n = 3000 in each pond, initial weight = 32.00 ± 1.26 g). Average harvested biomass from raceways was 57.33 kg/m 3 with an average daily weight gain per fish of 4.47 g per day. On the other hand, average harvested biomass from control ponds was 0.38 kg/m 3 with an average daily weight gain per fish of 4.60 g per day. Average feed conversion ratio (FCR) in both raceways and control ponds was recorded as 1.25 and 1.24, respectively. Overall survival rate in both raceways and control ponds was above 99%. No sign of any disease was noted at any stage in both study groups. Crude protein and fats contents did not reduce in any raceway despite of high stocking density and sharp seasonal changes. Profile of essential and non-essential amino acids were found to be upto nutritional requirements of adult human. High levels of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in fish collected from raceways as compared to those in traditional earthen pond show that muscle quality was not compromised due to high stocking density in small area. Return on investment excluding capital cost was 47.05 which implies that IPRS technology can be economically feasible with further modifications.

The most common physical deformity includes upper and lowers limbs deformity that could be acquired or congenital. Such deformity produces difficulty in daily life activities including reaching, walking, lifting, and carrying things. The present study aimed to explore life satisfaction and attitude towards disability between congenital and acquired physical disabilities. A sample of eighty (N=80) participants was included in the study out of which (n=40) were congenital and (n=40) were acquired physical disables. The sample was collected from different rehabilitation and paraplegic centers as well as institutions through the purposive sampling technique. Satisfaction with life scale and attitude toward disabled person scales were included. It was hypothesized that there will be a significant difference in terms of life satisfaction between congenital and acquired physical disables. The second hypothesis was the attitude towards disability will be positive among the congenital group than the acquired one. An independent sample t-test (IBM SPSS statistics version 20) was applied to analyze the difference between congenital and acquired physical disables.  Results of the study indicated that congenital physical disabled were found with highly satisfied from their life (α=.000) and possess a positive attitude towards disability (α=.000) than the acquired physical disables.