No abstract

No abstract

The corrosion inhibition of Amlodipine Besylate drug as a corrosion control of low-carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution was investigated by electrochemical and chemical techniques. The inhibition efficiency (%IE) was found to increase with an increase in drug concentrations but deceases with increasing the temperature. Results showed that this drug acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. It was found that this drug acts via adsorption on the low-carbon steel surface and the adsorption obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Quantum structure-activity relationships have been studied. The surface morphology of low-carbon steel samples was investigated.

Background: The aim of our work was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a double inversion recovery (DIR) sequence in the detection of brain and spinal cord MS lesions. In addition, we aimed to evaluate the reliability of the correlation between GM affection and high Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) to enhance the role of DIR as a practical test for clinical disability. Ninety MS patients were prospectively included in this study. Imaging was performed using Philips Intera 1.5 Tesla device. T2W-TSE, FLAIR, and DIR sequences were performed and compared to each other. Each patient was clinically assessed at the time of the MRI examination with EDSS. Results: DIR showed significantly higher total lesion load in comparison to T2 and FLAIR with increased sensitivity for cortical lesion detection by DIR. There was a positive association between patients with cortical lesions and male gender, clinical disability, cognitive changes, and higher EDSS score. Conclusion: The increased rate of cortical lesion detection by DIR does not affect its accuracy in white matter lesions count. Moreover, DIR provided a better morphological characterization and delineation of white matter lesion with good differentiation between juxtacortical and mixed white matter-gray matter lesions; thus, we recommend adding DIR sequence in routine MR protocols for MS patients.

ObjectiveTo predict skull base osteomyelitis in patients with necrotising otitis externa using diffusion-weighted imaging.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of 25 necrotising otitis externa patients with skull base osteomyelitis (n = 10) or without skull base involvement (n = 14) who underwent a single-shot diffusion-weighted imaging of the skull base.ResultsThe respective mean apparent diffusion coefficient values of the skull base, as determined by two reviewers, were 0.851 ± 0.15 and 0.841 ± 0.14 ×10-3mm2/s for the skull base osteomyelitis patients, and 1.065 ± 0.19 and 1.045 ± 0.20 ×10-3mm2/s for the necrotising otitis externa patients without skull base involvement. The difference in apparent diffusion coefficients between the groups was significant, for both reviewers (p = 0.008 and 0.012). The optimal threshold apparent diffusion coefficient for predicting skull base osteomyelitis in necrotising otitis externa patients was 0.945 ×10-3mm2/s and 0.915 ×10-3mm2/s, with an area under the curve of 0.825 and 0.800, accuracy of 87.5 and 83.3 per cent, sensitivity of 85.7 and 90.0 per cent, and specificity of 90.0 and 78.6 per cent, for each reviewer respectively.ConclusionApparent diffusion coefficient is a non-invasive imaging parameter useful for predicting skull base osteomyelitis in necrotising otitis externa patients.