Heavy metals pollution has become a more serious environmental problem in the last several decades as a result of releasing toxic materials into the environment. The aim of this study is to develop an ecological method for the removal of Ni2+ ions from industrial wastewater by an electro coagulation method using aluminum plates and solar cell as a source of D.C current. In this study, different conditions of pH of 4, 6, 7, and 8, current densities of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mA/cm2, and nickel ion concentrations of 200, 300, and 500 ppm were investigated during a period of time of 120 minutes to remove nickel ions prepared waste water by electro coagulation. The total removal of nickel ions was (97.5- 99.5%), (97- 99%), and (96.67-98.8%) for pH (4-8), current density (0.5-1.5 mA/cm2) and nickel ions concentration (200-500 ppm), respectively. The results show that the optimum condition of electro coagulation process can be obtained at pH = 8 and current density 1.5 mA/cm2 when 120 minutes were elapsed.
The research aims to use eggshells (ES) as civilian residues in the process of removing cadmium ions and reactive red dye according to international standards limits. Synthetic solutions were prepared for cadmium ions and reactive red dye using 0.2 g non-calcined and calcined ES at various temperatures (25, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 ℃) as an adsorbent. The result showed the removal of cadmium ion was (60, 100%) for non-calcined and calcined ES, respectively, with the initial concentration of cd2+ (10 ppm). The removal of reactive red dye was (18.5, 98%) using non-calcined and calcined ES, respectively, at a concentration of red dye (50 ppm). The best removal time was 90 min. XRD and FTIR spectroscopy were performed and the results were identical to the main components of ES and changed with temperature increasing due to dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
In this study three reactive dyes (blue B, red R and yellow Y) in single , binary and ternary solution were adsorbed by activated carbon AC in equilibrium and kinetic experiments. Surface area, Bulk and real density, and porosity were carried out for the activated carbon.Batch Experiments of pH (2.5-8.5) and initial concentration (5-100) mg/l were carried out for single solution for each dye. Experiments of adsorbent dosage effect (0.1-1)g per 100 ml were studied as a variable to evaluate uptake% and adsorption capacity for single dyes(5, 10) ppm, binary and ternary (10) ppm of mixture solutions solution of dyes. Langmuir, and Freundlich, models were used as Equilibrium isotherm models for single solution. Extended Langmuir and Freundlich were used of multi-dyes solutions. Kinetic (contact time) experiments carried out for single dyes (5, 10)ppm, binary and ternary(10) ppm of mixture solutions at dosage of adsorbent 5 g/l and pH(6.2-6.7) in order to investigate the fitting with the kinetic models (pseudo first and second order) and intrapartical to determine the mechanism of transfer the molecules of dye from bulk phase to solid phase. Beer law principle and modified method Multi linear Regression (MLR) was used for single, binary and ternary dyes solutions
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.