Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of ocular trauma among gender and different age groups. And to determine various causative factors and the impact of trauma on ocular structures and visual acuity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Ophthalmology department of Nishtar Medical University and Hospital, Multan, Pakistan from May 2021 to August 2021. Data were collected from 142 patients. A questionnaire was devised. Data were analyzed using SPSS V26. Results: Out of 142 patients that were admitted in Ophthalmology ward, 36 (25.40%) were female patients and 106 (74.60%) were male patients with mean age of 15.9 years with standard deviation of 14.5. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female patients (p value=0.2). Cornea was most commonly injured structure and mechanical factors were the most common cause of ocular trauma. Out of 142 patients, 4 (2.80%) got just medical management and 138 (97.20%) patients required surgical intervention while they were also given topical and oral antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Conclusion: Ocular Trauma is most prevalent among children. Males were affected more than females. The cornea was the most commonly affected structure. Ocular Trauma is one of the leading causes of monocular blindness. Most of the ocular traumas were due to some mechanical factors. Keywords: Ocular Trauma, Multan, Nishtar Hospital, South Punjab

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical outcome of fungal keratitis after topical use of injectable Fluconazole. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of ophthalmology in Nishtar Medical University, Multan and the duration of this study were from January 2022 to June 2022. Totally 100 patients who were suffering from fungal keratitis were enrolled. The enrolled patients were given topical 2% Fluconazole using Injectable fluconazole 2mg/ml and making it to 2% topical solution. They were also added topical 1% Atropine, lubricant and Cyclosporin A 0.05% was used for corneal melting. Patients were followed after 1 week and 1 month. A predesign questionnaire was used to collect data. Results: Out of total 100 patients, 79 were male and 21 were female with mean age of 38.70 ±9.41 years. The most common age group was 20-35 years and 36-50 years, followed by >50 years of age group. Out of total patients, 69 (69.0%) patients had full recovery of appreciable vision, quality of life and pain related complaints. 30 (30%) patients had no improvement in vision. 1 (1%) patient had worsening of keratitis. Practical implication: This study suggest that topical use of injectable fluconazole is a safe and effective antifungal drug for the treatment of fungal keratitis. So this study will help the ophthalmologist to select better treatment option in order to recover the patients at time. Conclusion: It is concluded that Fluconazole in the form of injection can be a very useful treatment for severe fungal keratitis. Keywords: Fluconazole, Fungal Keratitis, Topical, Injectable, Ophthalmology, Sight-Threatening,

Objectives: Glaucoma is the most common blinding condition in South Punjab of Pakistan and its management is a challenge due to illiteracy and lack of financial resources. Study Design: Randomized Clinical Trial. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: June 2016 - June 2018. Material & Methods: We have randomly selected patients on the basis of Cup to Disc ratio and applied randomized clinical trial of both medical and surgical modalities of glaucoma management to observe the visual outcomes in terms of Intraocular pressure and Cup to disc ratio. We have also linked the effects of our management with lenticular status of the patients which has shown significant results. Results: The vision survival of trabeculectomy in pseudophakics was 88.77% while only 9.8% was the survival rate of trabeculectomy in phakics. 90% of 31 phakic patients who underwent trabeculectomy failed. Similarly patients on 3 IOP lowering drugs had 70% vision survival rate out of 260 patients treated. Patients with C-D ratio 0.8 had maximum failure rate of 69% out of 78 patients in which medical treatment failed. Conclusion: Trabeculectomy significantly reduced the intraocular pressure in patients in which pharmacological treatment failed.The success rate of trabeculectomy among pseudophakics is high. In Phakics, when only Trabeculectomy is done, success rate is low. When trabeculectomy and clear lens extraction is done simultaneously, the success rate is slightly higher. When trabeculectomy is done after clear lens extraction, the success rate is highest. In case of Cataract, cataract extraction and trabeculectomy when done simultaneously, show low success rate. When trabeculectomy was done after cataract extraction, shows highest success rate.