Today’s education institutions are constantly striving to develop and enhance the quality of employees to achieve a competitive advantage in the education market. Investing in developing the human capital quality has become a vital part of the institution strategy in managing the resources. In conjunction with the government aims in enhancing the quality of education system the institution nowadays is striving to nurture the lecturer’s capabilities towards the strategy. This paper aims to assess the internal consistency of data therefore; the further analysis procedure can be carried out systematically. For this purpose, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is used in validating the adapted questionnaire. It is a necessary procedure for the pilot testing phase to measure the strength of consistency as it is a well-known and consistent method to measure the reliability of items in the instrument. As for the example of practical, the data derived from a study which was conducted to 345 lecturers from 9 polytechnic campuses in East Coast Malaysia (Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang) was applied. The questionnaire consists of 63 questions with 7 scales that were used to identify the internal consistency. The preliminary analysis of the reliability analysis resulted in strong associations (greater than 0.6) for all variables. The finding obtained has proven that the research’s instrument has high association of consistency to enhance the quality of the study. Keywords: Human Capital Investment, TVET Institutions, Internal Consistency and Cronbach Alpha

It is theoretically acknowledged that decisions on capital structure remain an important goal to maximise returns. By exploring scientific data on the capital structure of small and medium-sized enterprises, this study aims to provide accounting and finance scholars with a useful single-source resource. This study aimed to: (i) assess the development of research on 'SMEs capital structure', (ii) highlight key areas in SMEs capital structure research, and (iii) identify the major players in the research. 406 works pertaining to the capital structure of SMEs were described and the data was analysed using a bibliometric approach in the study. In October 2022, the data was extracted from the Scopus database. Software from VOSviewer and Harzing Publish or Perish were utilised in the study to visualise and integrate the data, respectively. The study also used Microsoft Excel in analysing the data. Findings indicated that studies on capital structure began as early as 1984. Early progress was extremely slow, attracting only the attention of Western academics, particularly those from the U.S. and the U.K. In 2008, the number of publications began to increase. Data show that "Small Business Economics" published the most articles about SMEs' capital structure. However, the top 10 papers that have been cited the most show that there are currently few investigations in this area. Since the study is limited to publications that are indexed in the Scopus database, thus the study is regarded as moderately representative. This bibliometric study can serve as a first step in doing systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses.

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