The paper aims at establishing relationships between culture, power, and the state ideology. The reading of Malaysian politics through Gramsci's conceptual framework provides a tentative interpretation on the state's exercise of power with popular consent, the structure of power, relation between the state and subaltern groups. Reading through the concept of hegemony, the paper explores the construction and enactment of Islam by the power of the state. It highlights how Islam came to be constructed as the state ideology and how the state establishes and maintains the hegemonic position. On this basis, Islam has been used to produce a specific set of structures in Malaysia to gain national-popular support. The state-society relations will be explored through Gramsci's notion of civil society to illustrate the possible resistance to the state power. The paper suggests that civil society as a field of contestation in Malaysia. The 14th General Election result has demonstrated that ideology could be contested, hence challenging the state's domination or coercive power. In conclusion, this paper has demonstrated the previous state's struggle with civil actors in dominating and maintaining its popular ideology. It could be seen how actors of nonconformist voices in civil society have mobilised themselves into organised groups and institutions to undermine the state hegemony thus assisting the change of the ruling power in the GE14. After 61 years of Independence, Malaysia is finally celebrated the new ruling party.

This study aims to examine how mainstream newspapers in Malaysia frame sustainable energy. Framing is the perspective or the angle taken by newspapers when writing about a news story. How newspapers frame sustainable energy is a very important indication of how the issue is perceived by the public mostly because the media is where most people get their news and information regarding environmental and sustainability issues. A deductive, quantitative methodological approach was used to identify dominant frames and news sources in articles published in four Malaysian newspapers: News Straits Times, The Star, Berita Harian and Harian Metro between January 2018 and September 2019. Media framing theory was employed as the framework for analysis. The findings suggest that while the English and Malay newspapers shared some similarities in the way they covered sustainable energy, it is the English newspapers that are more proactive in driving the readers to be more engaged with the issue. In addition, this study extends our understanding of the contextual conditions that enable and limit journalists when reporting environmental and sustainability issues.Contribution/ Originality: Findings from this study contributes to the existing literature on the impact of media on the public's understanding and engagement with sustainability issues while extending our understanding of the contextual conditions that enable and limit journalists when reporting about environmental and sustainability issues.

The resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases such as polio, diphtheria, measles and the like shows that the anti-vaccine movement is gaining popularity and effectiveness in bolstering its views. Multiple studies have shown worrying trends of distrust towards vaccines, medical professionals, vaccine scientists and the government agencies that promote vaccination. It is observed that the current anti-vaccine discourses and misinformation about vaccines on social media are fuelling fear of vaccination among the public. To minimise the spread of vaccine-preventable diseases, the media has considerable potential to influence the public’s understanding of how vaccines function. Therefore, this chapter proposed the adoption of a media guide to assist media practitioners in reporting vaccination stories. It will highlight an influential role that the media can play by enlisting the assistance of experts and health professionals to dispel erroneous beliefs about vaccinations and aggressively promote vaccination among influential persons and the general public. This chapter argued that responsible and ethical reporting will aid in raising awareness of the public health implications of the anti-vaccine sentiment, thereby combating the transmission of messages that drive vaccine fear and rejection. The chapter also addressed how insights provided by Ihlen on rhetorical communication can enhance the effectiveness of delivering vaccine-related messages.

The discussion above pointed out digital technology poses relentless challenges despite countless benefits if not properly addressed. Social networks, for example, could be perceived as providing sources of information to ease journalists working on issues getting their information sources. However, too much dependency on the platform may reduce journalists' creativity in finding reliable and credible information sources and decrease the critical traits journalists should enhance through practice. On this note, journalism is a profession that comes with great responsibility and accountability. Therefore, digital advantages garnered by current practitioners should not hinder them from upholding ethical conduct. Instead, it should drive them to frame and deliver news creatively with greater inclusivity for a sustainable future.All in all, bearing on communication generally and journalism, in particular, the chapters in this book demonstrate that journalism does not only affect individuals but also the society that we live in. The effects can be social, political, economic, health, religious, cultural, and many others. This book may not be a comprehensive approach to journalism and media ethics, but rather a dedication to assisting media producers, researchers, scholars, and students in journalism as well as members of the public to ponder pressing journalism-related issues that could have wide-reaching consequences. It is hoped that this book will provide the crucial framework needed for ethical journalism and for understanding the importance of journalism to provide common knowledge that fits the needs of the audience while still reminding them to be critical consumers of media outputs.

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