The superior additives-free dehydrogenation of formic acid for hydrogen production by uniform electron-deficient Pd clusters.

Ammonia-borane (NH·BH; AB) has been considered as an excellent chemical material for hydrogen storage. However, developing highly efficient catalysts for continuous hydrogen generation from AB is still a challenge for future fuel cell applications. The combination of Pt with Ni is an effective strategy to achieve active bimetallic nanocatalyst, and the particle size has proved to play a crucial role in determining its final activity. However, the synthesis of PtNi bimetallic catalyst in the size of highly dispersed clusters has always been a challenge. In this report, PtNi/NiO clusters coated by small-sized hollow silica (R-PtNi/NiO@SiO) were designed for efficient hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of ammonia-borane. The newly designed catalysis system showed extremely high activity with the initial turnover frequency value reaching 1240.3 mol of H·mol of Pt·min, which makes it one the most active Pt-based catalysts for this reaction. Detailed characterization by means of scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy element mapping, etc. revealed that the excellent performance of R-PtNi/NiO@SiO is derived from the highly dispersed PtNi/NiO clusters and the reduction of extra Pt on the surface of PtNi/NiO clusters to Pt at relatively low temperature.

A new protocol to synthesize nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanospheres by controlled compositional distribution of polymeric component, followed by post-treating of formaldehyde solution.