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Evidence-Based Reasoning (EBR) is a framework of inquiry-based teaching for developing scientific reasoning. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of EBR in inquiry-based Physics teaching to improve students' scientific reasoning. Applying Slovin formula for sample determination, the research involved 139 upper-secondary school students with similar prior knowledge. This research used one group pre-test post-test design with replication. The effectiveness of teaching on improving scientific reasoning was analyzed by using Paired Sample T-test. ANOVA was used to analyze the consistency of the teaching effectiveness across in test group. The findings indicated that EBR effectively improved students' scientific reasoning in inquiry-based Physics teaching based on two main grounds. On the first, the significance was ensured by N-gain category of scientific reasoning component, which proved (a) control of variables reaching high category, (b) proportional thinking at moderate category; c) probabilistic thinking reaching moderate category, (d) hypothetical-deductive reasoning attaining low category; and (e) correlational thinking achieving low category. In addition, the level of scientific reasoning has attained the experience characterized by slightly imperfect answers. Students voiced positive response to EBR, which stated that it helped them engage in scientific reasoning in Physics learning. They also voiced the general opinion on EBR and inquiry-based learning in general. Keywords: evidence-based reasoning, inquiry teaching, physics teaching, scientific reasoning.

CCDSR teaching model is physics teaching with the scientific activities by design to improve science process skills and its learning. This research was conducted to develop and produce a qualified CCDSR teaching model to improve the science process skills of pre-service physics teachers. The analysis of CCDSR teaching models’ quality was done by using mean validity score, Cronbach’s coefficient alpha, Paired t-test, N-gain, and ANOVA test. The results showed that the CCDSR teaching model was proved to be qualified (valid, practical, and effective) to improve the science process skills of pre-service physics teachers. Based on response results was that the CCDSR teaching model can improve the learning skills of science process skills (designing and implementing science process skills learning) owned by pre-service physics teachers. The implication of this research is that the CCDSR teaching model can be an innovative solution to improve science process skills of pre-service physics teachers. Keywords: CCDSR teaching model, research and development, pre-service physics teachers, science process skills.

This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of predict observe explain (POE) model with PhET to improve  critical thinking skills of senior high school students. The sample used was the grade eleven students of SMA N 18 Surabaya consist of 60 students. This type of research was pre-experimental with one group pre-test post-test design. Research data is obtained from the result of pre-test and post-test of  students' critical thinking skills and responses after learning activity. Data analysis techniques used N-gain and Wilcoxon test. The result of the study shows that the score of students' critical thinking skills in grade eleven of Group 1 and Group 2 increase after the implementation of predict observe explain (POE) learning model with PhET and both of them present positive responses to the learning component and show a good interest. Based on the data analysis result, it can be concluded that predict observe explain (POE) model with PhET is effective to use to improve the critical thinking skills of senior high school students.