Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is arguably the most important tephritid attacking fruits after Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). In 2003 it was found in Africa and quickly spread to most of the sub-Saharan part of the continent, destroying fruits and creating regulatory barriers to their export. The insect is causing new nutritional and economic losses across Africa, as well as the losses it has caused for decades in infested areas of Asia, New Guinea, and Hawaii. This new panorama represents a challenge for fruit exportation from Africa. Phytosanitary treatments are required to export quarantined commodities out of infested areas to areas where the pest does not exist and could become established. This paper describes current phytosanitary treatments against B. dorsalis and their use throughout the world, the development of new treatments based on existing research, and recommendations for further research to provide phytosanitary solutions to the problem.

The depth of the pupation is one of the important factors in the success of fruit flies to become imago. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil depth on survival, normality dan development time of adult interspecific hybrids of Bactrocera carambolae (Drew & Hancock) and B. dorsalis (Hendel). The experiments were carried out in a laboratory consisting of seven depths of pupation treatments (4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, and 60 cm) with four replications. Soil depth had a significant, negative effect on the survival of the emergence and development time of B. dorsalis and B. carambolae hybrids. The emergence rate was found to decrease with the increase in pupation depth. The higher survival of the emergence of the hybrid occurred at a depth of 4 cm (95% ± 1.91) and 10 cm (86% ± 2.58), while the lower survival occurred at a depth of 50 cm (12% ± 1.63) and 60 cm (5% ± 3.79). Normal imagoes were found in all soil depths except in 60 cm depth, where all imagoes had abnormal morphology. Means of development time ranged from 8.88 to 10.63 days. The depth of pupation influences the duration of pupae development. The means of development time at a depth of 4–40 cm was similar, but at a depth of 50 cm and 60 cm, a significantly longer time of development were observed. for more effective fruit fly control, this study suggests burying rotten fruit in the soil at a depth of 50 cm or more as a preventive measure for the development of fruit flies.

Lalat buah (Bactrocera carambolae) merupakan hama yang sangat merugikan pada komoditas hortikultura. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis essens buah yang ditambahkan pada metil eugenol yang tertinggi dalam menarik lalat buah, untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan essens jambu pada metil eugenol terhadap jumlah tangkapan lalat buah pada pertanaman jambu biji, dan berapa konsentrasi essens yang menghasilkan jumlah tangkapan lalat buah paling banyak. Penelitian secara in vitro dilakukan di Laboratorium Vapor Heat Treatment, Balai Peramalan Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan, Jatisari, Jawa Barat dari bulan Februari 2015 hingga Juni 2015 dan di kebun jambu biji Desa Leuwiseeng, Kecamatan Panyingkiran, Kabupaten Majalengka sejak bulan November 2015 sampai dengan Maret 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa metil eugenol yang ditambah essens belimbing dan jeruk berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan hasil tangkapan lalat buah betina, tetapi tidak untuk lalat buah jantan. Perlakuan tertinggi dalam menarik lalat buah betina yaitu sebesar 37% dari total populasi ditemukan pada perlakuan penambahan essens belimbing. Sementara perlakuan 0,2 ml metil eugenol menarik sebanyak 10% dari total populasi. Pencampuran metil eugenol dan esens buah jambu mampu menarik lalat buah jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan penggunaan tunggal metil eugenol dan penggunaan tunggal esens jambu. Pencampuran metil eugenol 0,2 ml + esens buah jambu 0,8 ml menunjukkan hasil jumlah tangkapan tertinggi lalat buah jantan sebanyak 15.145 ekor. Namun, pencampuran metil eugenol dan esens jambu tidak mempengaruhi jumlah tangkapan lalat buah betina. Spesies lalat buah yang paling dominan hasil identifikasi pada pertanaman jambu biji di Desa Leuwiseeng, Majalengka, adalah B. dorsalis 64% dan B. carambolae 36%.Kata kunci : Essens, Bactrocera carambolae, Metil eugenol

Brown Planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stal (Hemiptera: Delpachidae) is the important pest of rice. The infestation of BPH reduced the rice yield on rice producer countries in Asia. In Indonesia, the area of BPH infestation frequently fluctuated over the year. BPH directly caused hopper burn and also vector of rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV) and rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV). This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of some rice varieties to different BPH population in Java. Three BPH populations collected from Karawang (West Java), Pekalongan (Central Java) and Kendal (Central Java) were used in this study. The rice resistance was evaluated by conducting honeydew test. There were eight rice varieties tested i.e Sembada 168, Ciherang, Inpari 32, Inpari 33, IR 64, TN1, Ratu Heenati and PTB 33 with five replications. A number of 200 female adults (five females per plot) were starved for 2 hours before inserting to pot containing one seedling.  The BPH adults were allowed to feed 40-day-old plants for 48 hours. The area of honeydew excreted by BPH was measured using software Image J. We used analysis of variance (ANOVA) and cluster analysis with ward method and similarity index of Euclidean distance to analyze the rice resistance to BPH. The study indicated three groups of rice resistance level. The variety of Sembada 168 and TN1 were susceptible to BPH. Variety of Ciherang, Inpari 32, Inpari 33 and IR 64 were moderately resistant to BPH. However, PTB 33 and Ratu Heenati were strongly resistant to BPH population of Java.

Arumanis is a superior export variety mango from Indonesia. One inhibiting factor on the production of this fruit variety is the infestation of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit fly. Vapor heat treatment was recommended by ISPM No. 28 of 2007 as an effective treatment in eradicating fruit flies. This research was aimed to find out the optimum temperature and the duration of vapor heat treatment on the mortality of egg and larvae of B. dorsalis. The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Vapor Heat Treatment, BBPOPT, Jatisari, from October 2016 to January 2017. The observed parameters were temperature, duration of treatment, mortality of egg and larvae of fruit fly, and fruit quality. The results showed that vapor heat treatment at 47°C for 40 minutes (min) was effective to reduce the number of eggs and larvae of B. dorsalis and had no negative impact on the fruit quality.Keywords: Bactrocera dorsalis, fruit fly mortality, mango cv. Arumanis, quarantine, vapor heat INTISARI Buah mangga varietas Arumanis merupakan varietas mangga ekspor unggulan Indonesia. Salah satu faktor pembatas produksi buah mangga varietas Arumanis adalah lalat buah B. dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae