Rationale: To report the first case of lens dislocation and secondary acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) following use of a percussion massage gun (PMG) around the eye.Patient concerns: A 69-year-old Chinese man had been using a PMG around his right eye for 2 months in order to relieve headache. After eye pain and blurred vision for 5 days, he went to the ophthalmological emergency department. His bestcorrected visual acuity at distance was counting fingers. Diagnosis:The patient was diagnosed with lens subluxation, secondary AACG and pterygium in the right eye. Cataracts were diagnosed in both eyes. Interventions:The patient underwent phacoemulsification and anterior vitrectomy. After surgery, the patient was given eye drops containing tobramycin, dexamethasone, 0.1% bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution and Mydrin-P for 1 month.Outcomes: At 3-month follow-up, uncorrected visual acuity in the right eye was counting fingers. The outcome of optometry in the right eye was +11.50 DS/−0.50 DC * 110°, with corrected-distance visual acuity of 4/20. IOP was 20.7 mm Hg in the right eye and 15.7 mm Hg in the left. Endothelium in the right cornea showed endothelial damage. Nevertheless, the patient reported no right eye pain anymore, and he indicated that he was satisfied with his situation.Lessons: Caregivers, sports professionals and the general public should be aware of the dangers of PMGs and the need to use them appropriately and safely, for example during self-massage and rehabilitation therapy. In particular, we recommend not using PMGs above the neck, which should be clearly indicated in instruction manuals.Abbreviations: AACG = acute angle-closure glaucoma, AS-OCT = anterior segment optical coherence tomography, IOP = intraocular pressure, PMG = percussion massage gun, UBM = ultrasound biomicroscopy.

Background: The use of capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation to treat cataract patients with weak zonules is still controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of CTR implantation on capsular stability after phacoemulsification in patients with weak zonules, especially patients who have undergone pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or those who suffer from severe myopia.Methods: A total of 42 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and received an intraocular lens (IOL) were randomized to undergo CTR implantation or not. The control and CTR groups were compared in terms of uncorrected distant visual acuity (UDVA), best corrected distant visual acuity (BCDVA), refractive prediction error, the area of anterior capsulorhexis, and IOL inclination angle. Follow-up visits were conducted postoperatively at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. subgroup analyses were performed based on PPV and severe myopia. Results: Surgery significantly improved UDVA and BCDVA to similar extents in CTR and control patients, and refraction prediction error was similar between the two groups at all follow-up times. At 3 months after surgery, the area of anterior capsulorhexis was significantly larger in CTR patients than in controls (p = 0.0199). These differences were also significant between the subgroups of patients with severe myopia. Vertical IOL inclination was less within CTR groups at 3 months after surgery, especially in patients with severe myopia (p = 0.0286). At 1 week postoperatively, the proportion of individuals whose posterior lens capsule that had completely adhered to the posterior IOL surface was significantly higher among CTR patients (p = 0.023). No serious surgical complications were observed.Conclusion: CTR implantation can benefit cataract patients with weak zonules by maintaining the shape of the capsular bag, reducing capsule shrinkage and stabilizing IOL inclination.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-INR-17011217, date of registration April 22, 2017, prospectively registered.

BackgroundCongenital nystagmus (CN) and congenital cataracts are distinct eye diseases and are usually isolated. Cases with CN and congenital cataracts caused by different genes in one family have been rarely reported.Case presentationA 27-year-old man presented with CN and congenital cataracts and he underwent cataract extraction 2 weeks after birth. Three years later, he had posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The proband’s mother was only afflicted by bilateral lens opacities. Lensectomy was performed in both eyes at age 15. The proband’s daughter had bilateral central cataracts and no nystagmus. She had undergone cataract extraction when she was two months old. In this family, 8 affected individuals were affected by bilateral cataracts, and three of them presented with CN. The genetic analysis was performed using a specific Hereditary Ophthalmological Disease Gene Panel on proband and his parents (one of which was a patient). PCR and Sanger sequencing verified the presence of these variants in all members of the family. The novel mutation, c.498-3C > T, in FRMD7 explains why X-Linked recessive inheritance of CN was found in a subset of patients. A heterozygous mutation of the GJA8 gene (c.139G > C), was identified in all patients and thus explains the autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance of congenital cataracts within the family.ConclusionsThis is the first time that FRMD7 and GJA8 gene mutations have been linked to the pathogenesis of a family with both CN and congenital cataracts. The phenomenon of two different genetic patterns coexisting in one family is rare.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-019-0780-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Objective: To investigate the expressions of presenilin-2 (PS2) and glutathione S transferase π (GSTπ) and their roles in prognosis and therapy of breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Methods: The paraffin-embedded specimens of 210 patients with breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma were examined by using LSAB immunohistochemistry for the expression of PS2 and GSTπ. Results: The expression rate of PS2 and GSTπ was 49.5% (104/210) and 48.1% (101/210) respectively. The 5-year and 10-year postoperative survival rates in 4 groups, from high to low, were group 1 (PS2 positive expression/GSTπ negative expression), group 2 (PS2 positive expression/GSTπ positive expression), group 3 (PS2 negative expression/GSTπ negative expression) and group 4 (PS2 negative expression/GSTπ positive expression) in turn. Conclusion: The prognosis of the group 1 was the best, followed by the group 2, group 3 and group 4 in turn. These results suggested that the reasonable use of endocrinotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma is necessary.Breast caner is one of the most common malignant tumor in our country. Recently, patients suffering from it and dying of it are increased. Though breast cancer could be found early, some patients still died of metastasis and recurrence. Peoples had done many works in prognostic markers of breast cancer in order to decrease mortality and treat it effectively, and people had increasingly noticed the affection of presenilin-2 (PS2) and glutathione S transferase π (GSTπ) on tumor treatment and prognosis. This experiment was designed to detect PS2 and GSTπ by using LSAB immunohistochemistry to try to find the affection of PS2 and GSTπ on tumor treatment, prognosis and the instructional role to clinic. Materials and methods Human samples and clinicopathological dataIn this retrospective analysis, the study population consisted of 210 consecutive women patients with breast cancer who underwent modified radical mastectomy in the West China Hospital from 1980-1994. Paraffin-embedded specimens of the breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma were