The submission of the thesis signals almost the end of the doctoral program, and what a journey it has been! Three years have gone by quite quickly, yet so much has changed. The new Dental School has finally been built, I never imagined that the class of 2019 would set foot in this building, let alone work in it.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ten weeks table tennis training on dynamic visual acuity (DVA) on general population. Fourteen collegiate students were volunteered and ransom assigned equally as training group or control group. Training group underwent a ten weeks table tennis training program with 500 balls twice a week, but control group did not received any kind of exercise training during this period. DVA was measured with commercial software Athlevision to evaluate in four directions: right, left, up, and down, and calculated as horizontal (DVA-H), vertical, and total (DVA-T) abilities. Results reveal that training group showed significant improved DVA abilities in DVA-L (2.29±0.49 vs. 3.14±0.69, F = 7.09, p < .05), DVA-H (4.71±0.76 vs. 6.29±1.25, F = 9.64, p < .05), and DVA-T (9.57±0.98 vs. 11.29±1.60, F = 6.17, p < .05) after ten weeks table tennis training. The finding suggested that ten weeks regular table tennis training can improve the DVA ability on general population. It is possible that during this training, participants have to continual focusing/tracking the moving ball, and correctly predict the distance/space between the line, net, and the direction of coming ball, therefore, improved the rapid senses of fovea and the control of oculomotor system. 本研究目的在於探討十週規律桌球運動訓練對人體動體視力的影響。14位大學生自願參與並隨機分為桌球訓練組與一般組， 桌球訓練組需進行連續10週，每週2次，每次500球之桌球訓練，一般組則無接受任何運動訓練，兩組皆於訓練前後以Athlevision測試軟體評估其動體視力的變化。結果發現訓練後桌球組向左 (2.29±0.49 等級 vs.3.14±0.69 等級, F=7.09, p<.05)、水平 (4.71±0.76 等 級 vs.6.29±1.25 等級, F=9.64, p<.05) 與整體 (9.57±0.98等級 vs.11.29±1.60 等級, t=6.17, p<.05) 等動體視力表現有顯著改善。結論：規律桌球訓練可改善人體的動體視力表現，其機轉應與桌球訓練時需以視覺持續注視或追蹤高速旋轉移動的球體，且要正確判斷持拍與來球之間的距離、邊端線、網子與對方的位置，因而提升眼球中央小窩快速移動球體知覺與眼球控制能力。

The clinical management of impacted incisors affected by root dilaceration is challenging. This case report presents the treatment of an adolescent female patient who presented with a deeply impacted, rotated and dilacerated maxillary central incisor and also reviews the current literature on the definition, prevalence, aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the anomaly. The impacted and dilacerated incisor was successfully orthodontically treated following a two-stage surgical exposure and after being rotated 100 degrees in the sagittal plane (due to the deep impaction and severe displacement). A Ballista spring and piggyback appliance technique were used to elevate the tooth. The dilacerated incisor was successfully preserved and relocated in the dental arch. The pre-operative and post-operative CBCT scans showed no significant root resorption of the repositioned tooth.