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Heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum has shown strong activity against human lung carcinoma A549 cells. In this study, two new dammarane-type saponins together with two known compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of the heat-processed leaves of G. pentaphyllum. They were identified as 2α,3β,12β-trihydroxydammar-20(22),24-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1, namely damulin E), 2α,3β,12β-trihydroxydammar-20(21),24-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2, namely damulin F), damulin A (3) and damulin B (4), respectively, using IR, NMR and mass spectra.Damulin E and damulin F showed strong anti-cancer activity against A549, H1299, T24, SH-SY5Y and K562 cell lines in vitro using CCK-8 assay.

J3) along with one known gypenoside (gypenoside LVII) were isolated from the aerial parts of G. pentaphyllum using various chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of IR, 1D-( 1 H and 13 C), 2D-NMR spectroscopy (HSQC, HMBC and COSY), and mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Their activity was tested using CCK-8 assay. These four compounds showed little anti-cancer activity with IC 50 values more than 100 μM against four types of human cancer lines. The effects of them against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated and they all showed potential neuroprotective effects with 3.64%-18.16% higher cell viability than the H 2 O 2 -induced model group.

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