No abstract

Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr. (E. palmifolia) is an Indonesian native plant that has the potential to be developed into phytopharmaca. The differences in growth locations are thought to cause variation in the content of metabolite compounds which affect differences in pharmacological activity. This study aims to determine the profile of metabolites E. palmifolia bulb from several regions in Indonesia. The samples were collected from six different locations, namely East Java, Central Java, West Java, East Borneo, Central Borneo, and South Borneo. Sample extraction was carried out using Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method with 96% ethanol. The analysis of the content of metabolites was carried out using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS with a stationary phase column C18 (Okta Decyl Silica), mobile phase mixture of formic acid /water 0.1/99.9 (v/v), and formic acid/acetonitrile 0,1/99,9 (v/v). The results of the analysis were interpreted using software Masslynx and continued with chemometric analysis using the method Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that there were differences in the content of the metabolite compounds in E. palmifolia bulb originating from six different regions.

Abstract. Bhagawan WS, Suproborini A, Putri DLP, Nurfatma A, Putra RT. 2022. Ethnomedicinal study, phytochemical characterization, and pharmacological confirmation of selected medicinal plant on the northern slope of Mount Wilis, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4303-4313. The traditional usage of plants in ethnomedicine is a valuable resource for human primary healthcare. The effectiveness of herbal medicines and the creation of new drugs are proven by pharmacological and phytochemical verification. This study documented the traditional ethnomedicine knowledge (TEK) on the northern slope of Mount Wilis community in utilizing medicinal plants and revealed the ethnopharmacology relevance of selected medicinal plants. Data on TEK and its practices were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with informants who were selected using purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. The phytochemical compounds of the selected medicinal plant were identified using the UPLC-Qtof-MS/MS instrument, while their pharmacological activity was measured in antibacterial tests. The results showed that the community continued to apply TEK that had been passed down by the previous generation through a method called Gethok Tular. The medicinal plant species in the study area were diverse, 82 species from 39 families with various modes of preparation were used to treat seven disease categories. Tithonia diversivolia had the highest use value of 0.65 and it contained 23 phytochemical compounds. In addition, this plant has high pharmacological potential for antibacterial agents.

Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr. (E. palmifolia or Dayak Onion) is an anticancer plant used for traditional medicines. The difference of cultivation sites may affect metabolites content, pharmacological activity and toxicity profiles. This study aimed to determine the metabolite fingerprinting, anticancer and toxicity profiles of E. palmifolia from several regions in Indonesia for authentication, efficacy, safety and quality control. Samples were obtained from six different locations in Indonesia which included West Java (WJ), Central Java (CJ), East Java (EJ), East Borneo (EB), Central Borneo (CB), and South Borneo (SB). Metabolite fingerprinting was determined by HPTLC-densitometry method and profile of anticancer and toxicity were analyzed by MTT-ELISA method. The difference among metabolite fingerprinting, anticancer, and toxicity profile was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Component Analysis (HCA), whereas the association among them was analyzed by Partial Least Square (PLS). The PCA results showed a difference in E. palmifolia metabolite fingerprints and the HCA results showed that six different regions were the same cluster. The PLS-DA analysis showed four significant metabolites proposed as anticancer markers with Rf 0.34, 0.59, 0.76, 0.93 and three significant metabolites proposed as negative markers with Rf 0.02, 0.44 and 0.59. E. palmifolia from East Java had the lowest IC50 (86.98±4.62µg/mL) and higher SI value (5.5).