The CeO2 nanoparticles are very interesting to be studied as biomedical materials due to their unique physical and chemical properties. The non-stoichiometric property of CeO2 plays a role in the redox/catalytic processes that scavenge free radicals. This property has made the potential uses of CeO2 nanoparticles as antioxidant and radioprotector materials. In this paper, we report the calcination temperature effect on the antioxidant and radioprotective properties of CeO2 nanoparticles synthesized by precipitation method. The CeO2 nanoparticles were synthesized at various calcinations temperatures (300-700 o C). The formation of CeO2 nanoparticles and crystallite size was analyzed using X-ray diffractometers. The DPPH method was used to investigate the antioxidant properties of CeO2. Dose Enhancement Factor (DEF) of CeO2 nanoparticles were determined by measurement of the absorbed dose of X-ray radiation (Linac 6 MV 200 MU). X-ray diffraction pattern showed formation of cubic fluorite of CeO2nanoparticles with crystallite size in the range 9 nm-18 nm. Calcination temperature of 500 o C resulted in CeO2 nanoparticles with the best antioxidant properties and lowest DEF value. The radioprotection effect of CeO2nanoparticles was evaluated based on Escherichia coli survival toward X-ray radiation with a dose of 2 Gy. The CeO2 nanoparticles increased Escherichia coli survival of about 24.8% order. These results suggested that CeO2 nanoparticles may potentially be used as radioprotector of X-ray Linac 6 MV.
Kalkon merupakan turunan flavonoid yangmempunyai beragam aktivitas biologi yang menarik. Salah satu senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri adalah kalkon. Sifat antibakteri senyawa kalkon tergantung pada substituen yang terikat pada kedua cincin aromatiknya, seperti gugus Cl, Br, OH dan sebagainya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mensintesis senyawa analog kalkon dan mengetahui potensi senyawa analog kalkon tersebut sebagai antibakteri. Pada penelitian ini, senyawa analog kalkon telah berhasil disintesis yaitu 3ꞌ-Bromo-4-metoksi-kalkon melalui metode pengadukan dengan menggunakankatalis KOH, pelarut etanol. Hasil sintesis dilakukan pemurnian dengan rekristalisasi dan diperoleh rendemen yaitu 64 %. Identifikasi kemurnian senyawa telah dilakukan dengan uji KLT, titik leleh, dan analisis HPLC. Struktur senyawa dikarakterisasi melalui spektroskopi UV-Vis, FTIR dan 1H NMR, menunjukkan bahwa senyawa analog kalkon memiliki struktur sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri senyawa analog kalkon dilakukan terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dengan konsentrasi larutan uji 1%, 5%, 10% dan 20%. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa 3ꞌ-Bromo-4-metoksikalkon aktivitas antibakterinya termasuk kategori lemah
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