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Introduction Iron accumulates in the brain during aging, which catalyzes radical formation, causing neuronal impairment, and is thus considered a pathogenic factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD). To scavenge excess iron‐catalyzed radicals and thereby protect the brain and decrease the incidence of AD, we synthesized a soluble pro‐iron 5‐YHEDA peptide. However, the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) blocks large drug molecules from entering the brain and thus strongly reduces their therapeutic effects. However, alternative receptor‐ or transporter‐mediated approaches are possible. Methods A low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)‐binding segment of Apolipoprotein B‐100 was linked to the 5‐YHEDA peptide (bs‐5‐YHEDA) and intracardially injected into senescent (SN) mice that displayed symptoms of cognitive impairment similar to those of people with AD. Results We successfully delivered 5‐YHEDA across the BBB into the brains of the SN mice via vascular epithelium LDLR‐mediated endocytosis. The data showed that excess brain iron and radical‐induced neuronal necrosis were reduced after the bs‐5‐YHEDA treatment, together with cognitive amelioration in the SN mouse, and that the senescence‐associated ferritin and transferrin increase, anemia and inflammation reversed without kidney or liver injury. Discussion bs‐5‐YHEDA may be a mild and safe iron remover that can cross the BBB and enter the brain to relieve excessive iron‐ and radical‐induced cognitive disorders.

Background The objective of this study was to compare the analgesic potency of oxycodone versus morphine after laparoscopic deep infiltrating endometriosis resection. Methods Fifty patients undergoing laparoscopic deep infiltrating endometriosis resection were randomized to receive oxycodone or morphine intravenous-PCA after surgery. The primary outcome was opioid consumption during the 24 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes included time to first request for analgesia, the number of bolus, pain, sedation, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, and bradycardia. The prominent pain that caused patients to press the analgesic device was also recorded. Results Oxycodone consumption (14.42 ± 2.83) was less than morphine consumption (20.14 ± 3.83). Compared with the morphine group, the total number of bolus (78 vs 123) was less and the average time to first request for analgesia (97.27 ± 59.79 vs 142.17 ± 51) was longer in the oxycodone group. The incidence of nausea was higher in the morphine group than in the oxycodone group at 0–2 h (45.45% vs 17.19%), 2–4 h (50% vs 17.19%),12–24 h (40.91% vs 13.04%) and 0–24 h (39.17% vs 19.13%). The overall incidence of vomiting was higher in the morphine group (27.27% vs 13.92%). There was no difference in visual analogue scale score, the incidence of respiratory depression, and bradycardia between groups. Of the three types of pain that prompted patients to request analgesia, the incidence of visceral pain was highest (59.9%, P < 0.01). Conclusion Oxycodone was more potent than morphine for analgesia after laparoscopic endometriosis resection, and oxycodone has fewer side effects than morphine. Name of the registry: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Trial registration number: ChiCTR1900021870 URL of trial registry record:http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=35799&htm=4 Date of registration: 2019/3/13 0:00:00

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