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A nanostructure composite material consisting of poly(indole-6-carboxylic acid) (PICA) and carboxylic groups ended multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was directly electrosynthesized from indole-6-carboxylic acid (ICA) monomer and MWNTs in one step, in which MWNTs was also used as supporting electrolytes. And a simple electrochemical sensor for recognition of target DNA related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) was directly fabricated by means of this composite material. The corresponding detection limit is 2.0 fmol L–1. This interesting conducting polymer with a very large surface area will provide new insights into how a biosensor is designed.

A signal-on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor devoted to the detection of Ramos cells was fabricated based on a novel conducting polymer, poly(5-formylindole) (P5FIn), which was synthesized electrochemically by direct anodic oxidation of 5-formylindole (5FIn). This ECL platform was presented by covalently coupling the 18-mer amino-substituted oligonucleotide (ODN) probes with aldehyde groups that are strongly reactive toward a variety of nucleophiles on the surface of solid substrates. The specific identification and high-affinity between aptamers and target cells, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) enhanced ECL nanoprobes, along with P5FIn induced ECL quenching contributed greatly to the sensitivity and selectivity. The ECL signals were logarithmically linear with the concentration of Ramos cells in a wide determination range from 500 to 1.0 × 10(5) cells mL(-1), and the corresponding detection limit was 300 cells mL(-1).

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