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On the basis of eutectic behavior of PbTiO3–PbZrO3–Bi(Zn0.5Ti0.5)O3 ternary system, perovskite-structured Pb0.98Bi0.02Zr0.51Ti0.48Zn0.01O3 ceramics were able to be prepared using conventional electronic ceramic processing at low sintering temperature compatible with Ag as inner electrode materials, promising for co-firing technology to fabricate monolithic multilayer piezoelectric transducers. The dependence of its piezoelectric properties on sintering temperature and various dopants were investigated experimentally and a piezoelectric property with dielectric constant of ε33 T /ε0=1190, dielectric loss of tan δ=0.6%, piezoelectric coefficient of d 33=270 pC/N, planar coupling coefficient of k p=0.54, thickness coupling coefficient of k t=0.46 and Curie temperature of T c=346 °C was obtained for the 0.5% Co-doped Pb0.98Bi0.02Zr0.51Ti0.48Zn0.01O3 ceramics sintered at 950 °C.

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On the basis of solid state reaction eutectic behavior between Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PMN–PZT) and metastable perovskite-type Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3 (BZT), perovskite-structured PMN–PZT–BZT quaternary solid solution piezoceramics with various compositions were experimentally demonstrated with an intrinsic low sintering temperature in the windows of 950–1050 °C. These fine-grained densified PMN–PZT–BZT ceramics were able to be poled sufficiently at room temperature through polarization–electric field hysteresis loop measurement, different from normal poling treatment with DC bias field at high temperature, which will simplify future device processing of monolithic multilayer piezoceramic transducers. A typical piezoelectric property of dielectric constant ε33 T /ε0 = 3471, piezoelectric constant d 33 = 480 pC/N, planar coupling coefficient k p = 0.41, thickness coupling coefficient k t = 0.50, mechanical quality factor Q m = 68 and relaxor ferroelectric phase transition temperature T m = 167 °C at 1 MHz was obtained for the fine-grained densified Pb0.96Sr0.04(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.37Zr0.24Ti0.39O3+3%Bi(Zn0.5Ti0.5)O3+2%NiO ceramics sintered at 1020 °C, which is much promising to manufacture monolithic multilayer piezoelectric transducers with Ag95/Pd5 as inner electrode material.

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