Abstract-Electronic School Book (BSE), which already added features Electronic-Based Self Evaluation Tool that can be used in classroom learning and can be used for independent study students. This study is a model of research and development (research and developmentAbstrak Buku Sekolah Elektronik (BSE) yang sudah ada ditambahkan fitur Media Evaluasi Mandiri Berbasis Elektronik yang dapat dipakai di kelas pembelajaran dan dapat digunakan untuk belajar mandiri siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan model penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Produk yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini berupa BSE yang dilengkapi fitur media evaluasi belajar mandiri siswa. Tahap pengembangan media meliputi, (1) studi awal, (2) desain sistem, (3) membuat media, (4) melakukan tes secara modular, (5) validasi, (6) uji coba, (7) revisi produk, (8) field tes. Pengolahan data dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Sesuai hasil uji analisis statistik pada ttest for Equality of Means diperoleh nilai sig (2-tailed) pada nilai sesudah adalah < 0,05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai kondisi sesudah diterapkan buku sekolah elektronik (BSE) lebih baik daripada sebelum diterapkannya. Diperoleh rata-rata hasil belajar (Mean) yang lebih baik antara kelas eksperimen sebesar 83,44 dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol sebesar 79,33. Dari hasil tersebut diperoleh media pembelajaran buku sekolah elektronik (BSE) yang valid untuk belajar mandiri siswa.
This research aims to reveal the experience profile of future Physics teachers in developing simple multi-loaded life skill project. The research method used was a descriptive method with 62 future Physics teachers as the research subject. Based on observations, interviews, and questionnaires, it was drawn descriptions of the future teachers’ experiences in developing a simple project. The future teachers were assessed based on some Physics indicators such as project design, project creation, data collection, data analysis, and creativity. The results of the project preparation descriptions obtained by the experience data of future Physics teachers indicate the highest score of 4.8 (96%) on the indicator of schedule making, while the lowest score was 2.9 (58%) on the indicators of formulating the product benefits, preparing the feasibility analysis and analyzing the environmental impact. The results show that future Physics teachers got the highest score of 4.6 (93%) on data adjustment for experimental purposes indicator, and the lowest score of 2.8 (55%) on designing tools and materials indicator. Based on the Physics props trial, it was obtained the highest score of 4.5 (89%) on the indicator of analyzing the baseline data, while the lowest score of 2.9 (58%) was on the variation test variables. Positive feedback about time-management in completing the project, the ability to identify the topic of the project, the ability to find ideas to support the completion of the project, the ability to test the tools, and the ability to make progress reports on project completion were derived from the interviews. The highest score of students’ responses to project completion was 4.8 (95%) on the second data collection indicator and the lowest was 3.2 (64%) on the instrument material design indicator.
IntisariRancang bangun viskosimeter metode bola jatuh berbasis mikrokontroler Atmega16 telah berhasil dilakukan. Viskosimeter berbasis mikrokontroler diujicoba untuk menentukan viskositas gliserin dan membandingkan dengan pengukuran menggunakan viskosimeter konvensional. Hasil percobaan dengan menggunakan viskosimeter berbasis mikrokontroler diperoleh viskositas gliserin dalam rentang (1,5534 -1,5589 I. PENDAHULUANViskositas merupakan sifat fisik yang penting pada fluida. Viskositas fluida memiliki peranan yang penting pada aliran fluida dalam pipa atau media berpori. Selain itu, viskositas fluida juga penting dalam pelumasan mesin, keadaan optimum pelumasan logam dapat dicapai jika permukaan logam yang bersentuhan dilapisi secara sempurna oleh minyak pelumas [1]. Kemampuan pelumas mesin untuk melumasi seluruh permukaan logam terkait erat dengan viskositas pelumas tersebut. Pengukuran viskositas lebih banyak dilakukan pada zat cair dibanding zat gas. Viskositas fluida dapat ditentukan dengan metode yang berbeda, diantaranya yaitu bola jatuh (falling ball), bola bergulir (rolling ball), pipa kapiler, rotasi silinder konsentris (Couette), rotasi kerucut plat, pelat paralel dan Ford-cup [2]. Pengukuran viskositas fluida yang sederhana dan dapat dilakukan di laboratorium skala universitas pada prinsipnya menggunakan viskosimeter metode bola jatuh.Pada prinsipnya, pengukuran viskositas fluida metode bola jatuh ialah dengan cara mengukur kecepatan bola pejal jatuh di dalam cairan uji. Viskositas fluida ditentukan dengan memasukkan cairan yang akan diukur kekentalannya ke dalam suatu tabung viskosimeter (tabung gelas panjang berskala). Tabung viskosimeter tersebut diberi dua batas dengan jarak (d) tertentu, selanjutnya diukur waktu yang diperlukan bola pejal untuk menempuh dua batas tersebut [3,4]. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dapat ditentukan viskositas * E-MAIL: didik phys@yahoo.co.id cairan dengan menggunakan persamaan Poiseuille's [4].dengan η, S, t, g, r, ρ B , dan ρ F secara berurutan adalah viskositas, jarak tempuh bola, waktu tempuh bola, percepatan gravitasi, massa jenis bola, dan massa jenis fluida. Viskositas fluida dari percobaan diperoleh dari hubungan fungsional antara variabel bebas (jarak) dan variabel terikat (waktu) dengan analisis regresi linear [3]. Namun, untuk menentukan viskositas fluida dengan metode bola jatuh terlebih dahulu diketahui data jari-jari bola, massa jenis bola, massa jenis fluida dan percepatan gravitasi. Pada kenyataannya ada kelemahan utama dalam viskosimeter metode bola jatuh diantaranya adalah kesalahan dalam pengamatan gerak bola dan kesulitan saat menentukan tepatnya waktu yang ditempuh bola dalam fluida dengan jarak (d) [5].Pengembangan cara pengukuran viskosimeter metode bola jatuh telah dilakukan oleh beberapa peneliti untuk mengurangi kesalahan dan kelemahannnya.
Protection non-administrative associations (NGOs) and firms have been advancing worldwide willful principles, for example, the Roundtable on Supportable Palm Oil (RSPO), to create naturally dependable merchandise in tropical nations. This examination tries to figure out the methodologies and the viability of preservation NGOs concerning the RSPO. Our examination records that the preservation NGOs, while drawing in with the RSPO, might be separated into four classifications in view of the sort of assets prepared and the protection objectives: 1) 'Cooperative NGOs' try to change the framework from inside by giving logical exploration based data, by standing firm on essential situations and by making rules; 2) 'Rival' stays outside the RSPO while involving it as a stage for public missions; 3) 'Doubter' upholds networks to get neighborhood land privileges. These NGOs have carried out techniques that fortified RSPO's foundation. Be that as it may, the organization of the RSPO keeps the NGOs from arriving at their objectives for three reasons: 1) individual NGOs can't change system; 2) NGOs utilizing different commitment procedures can't team up; and 3) the doubter NGOs are basically rejected from the RSPO, however nearby land freedoms are a principal matter of worry for biodiversity protection. NGOs would be more successful in arriving at their objectives either by focussing on their underlying preservation goals or by decisively teaming up with one another external the designs of the RSPO.
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