Aedes aegypti is a vector of emerging and neglected diseases, such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Helicteres velutina, known as "pitó" in Brazil, is traditionally used as an insect repellent, and several studies have demonstrated its larvicidal activity. The aim of this study was to investigate this species and evaluate its potential ovicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activity. The viability of the eggs was evaluated using different concentrations of the test substances for 25 days. The hexane fraction killed 72.7% of the eggs, while dichloromethane killed 67.7%. The survival of the pupae and adults was verified after 72 h and 48 h, respectively. The LC 50 for the hexane and dichloromethane fractions was 0.12 mg/mL and 8.85 mg/mL for pupae, 8.01 mg/mL and 0.74 mg/mL for adults (tarsal test), and 0.05 mg/mL and 0.23 mg/mL for adults (body test), respectively. Repellency was assessed for 240 min using neonatal Wistar rats on a Y-tube olfactometer. The hexane fraction attracted mosquitoes to the test chamber, while the dichloromethane fraction had a repellent action. The 7,4'-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulfate flavone provides greater repellency, and this finding is similar to the results of the in silico studies that have shown the potential of this substance against adult mosquitoes. This suggests that 7,4'-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulfate flavone may be one of the substances present in the extract from aerial parts of H. velutina that is responsible for the repellent activity mentioned in traditional medicine. These findings provide a better understanding of the insecticidal and repellent activity of the extract, fraction, and compounds isolated from H. velutina against Ae. aegypti, thereby revealing its potential in the development of a more effective botanical insecticide.
A algarobeira (Prosopis juliflora) é uma planta xerófila muito encontrada na região Nordeste do Brasil devido a sua facilidade em florescer em regiões áridas e produzir uma vagem de polpa doce muito apreciada na região e com alto potencial biotecnológico. Diversos trabalhos já demonstraram esse potencial, principalmente na produção de pães, aguardente, vinagre, bioetanol, dentre outros. Com isso, este trabalho objetivou caracterizar qualitativamente os compostos metabólitos secundários presentes no extrato aquoso da vagem da algarobeira. O extrato de algaroba foi preparado e 20 mL deste extrato aquoso foi rotaevaporado a vácuo, pesado e submetido às análises fitoquímicas, para verificar a presença de alcaloides, esteroides, flavonoides, glicosídeos, polifenóis, taninos, saponinas e terpenos. O peso final do extrato foi de 11,22 g. No extrato aquoso de algaroba não foi possível detectar a presença de alcaloides, esteróis, flavonoides, glicosídeos, polifenóis e taninos, apenas saponinas e terpenos. Estes achados podem estar relacionados à sensibilidade da técnica empregada. Outro possível fator é a obtenção do extrato, que comumente utiliza o álcool, que tem maior efeito extrativo comparado à água. Apesar dos achados serem satisfatórios, considerando a água como extrator, novas análises com metodologias mais sensíveis são necessárias para demonstrar o potencial dessa planta e sua utilização no setor industrial.
Estudo do potencial crioprotetor de extrato de algaroba (Prosopis juliflora) na refrigeração de espermatozoides epididimários bovinoStudy of the cryoprotective potential of the algaroba extract (Prosopis juliflora) in the refrigeration of bovine epididymal spermatozoa
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