Objectives:To investigate veterinary technician burnout and associations with frequency of selfreported medical error, resilience, and depression and job-related risk factors.Design: Cross-sectional observational study using an anonymous survey conducted between Setting: Four referral teaching hospitals in the United States and Canada.Subjects: A total of 344 veterinary technicians were invited to participate. Response rate was 95%. Overall 256 surveys were ultimately analyzed.Interventions: Burnout, depression, and resilience were measured using validated instruments.Respondents reported perceptions of workload, working environment, and medical error frequency. Associations between burnout and factors related to physical work environment, workload and schedule, compensation package, interpersonal relationships, intellectual enrichment, and exposure to ethical conflicts were analyzed. Measurements and MainResults: Burnout, characterized by high emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low sense of personal accomplishment was common, and was positively associated with perceived medical errors, desire to change career, and depression. Burnout levels on all 3 burnout subscales were higher in this population than previously reported for a contemporaneous group of trauma nurses working with human patients (P < 0.05). Burnout was negatively associated with resilience. Respondents' feelings of fear or anxiety around supervisor communications,

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Objectives To document indications for fresh frozen plasma (FFP) use in cats, doses administered, and frequency of adverse transfusion reactions (ATR). Design Retrospective observational study from January 2009 to November 2016. Setting Large urban referral and emergency facility. Animals One hundred twenty‐one client‐owned cats that received FFP. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results Signalment, indication(s), dose, pre‐ and posttransfusion total plasma protein, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, as well as possible ATR, primary disease process, and outcome were recorded. Doppler blood pressure was increased posttransfusion (mean pre 99.5 ± 30.8 mm Hg; post 108.5 ± 32.5 mm Hg, P = .027). Cats were significantly less likely to be coagulopathic posttransfusion (P < 0.001). Most common indications were suspected coagulopathy (n = 105, 83%), hemorrhage (n = 45, 35%), and hypotension (n = 32, 25%). Median dose was 6 mL/kg (interquartile range = 3 mL/kg) and was negatively correlated with body weight (r = –.598, P < 0.001). Possible ATR occurred in 17 of 108 (16%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 10–24%) of transfusions. Increased body temperature was most common in 11 of 108 (10%, 95% CI, 5–18%), followed by tachypnea/dyspnea in 8 of 108 (7%, 95% CI, 3–13%). Common primary disease processes included liver disease (n = 41, 34%), neoplasia (n = 19, 16%), and sepsis (n = 15, 12%). Overall mortality was 54%. Improvement of clotting times was associated with increased odds of survival (odds ratio = 2.4; 95% CI, 1.1–5.3; P = 0.023). Conclusions Clinician justifications for FFP transfusions are comparable to that reported in dogs; however, the mL/kg dose is lower. Coagulopathy and blood pressure significantly improve posttransfusion. Possible ATR were as frequent as that reported with feline packed RBCs transfusions and classified as mild.

Background and objective Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) was accepted on the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme on 1 April 2018, allowing general practitioners (GPs) to prescribe to patients in general practice. This study provides a timely assessment of GP knowledge and attitudes towards HIV PrEP. Methods An explanatory mixed method approach was used. A contentvalidated questionnaire was distributed to GPs in the Mackay region to assess knowledge and attitudes towards PrEP, followed by individual in-depth interviews. Results Forty-five of 109 GPs (41.1%) responded. One-third (15 of 45) had previously heard of PrEP; 71.4% (30 of 42) indicated a lack of comfort with its prescription while 60% (27 of 45) reported that provision of formalised guidelines was likely to increase prescription confidence. Ten GPs were interviewed until data saturation was achieved. Results supported the quantitative findings. Discussion GPs expressed positive attitudes towards HIV PrEP. Limited knowledge could be overcome through formalised guidelines and education.

The acids from autoxidation of methyl linoleate have been analyzed as their methyl esters by combined capillary gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The principal components were hexanoic, trans‐2‐octenoic, suberic and azelaic acid. Minor components included formic, pentanoic, heptanoic, trans‐2‐heptenoic, octanoic and nonanoic acid. In addition,trans‐2,3‐epoxy‐octanoic acid was isolated as its methyl ester by preparative GLC and was identified by means of NMR, high resolution MS, IR and by conversion to a known derivative.