Traditional shipping vessel is a mode of transportation that is part of Indonesia's cultural heritage and still exists today. However, traditional shipping has been deemed unable to compete with the national shipping fleet due to the high transport cost, the low safety level, long travel times, limited capacity, and limited ship repair facilities. In addition, its existence was eliminated with the advent of modern ships. This study aims to analyse the competitiveness of traditional shipping with national shipping freight based on transportation costs. The analysis used is a gap analysis of transportation costs based on variable costs and fixed costs for every traditional shipping route that overlaps with national shipping. Data were obtained by field observations. The results of the analysis show that the competitiveness of traditional shipping has decreased due to the loss of cargo of national ships. It is necessary to optimize the route by restoring the traditional shipping function as a national shipping feeder, especially in the underdeveloped, remote, outermost, and border (UROaB) areas. This study recommends the integration of the national shipping transportation network as a trunk line and traditional shipping as a feeder line. The shipping integration is expected to form a network pattern and generates increase in the demand for traditional shipping cargo.

In Referring to the government programs on the increasing speed of the Jakarta-Surabaya express train in 2017, problems arise in the field, namely the potential increase in freight transportation via the railway line where an increase in loading is required on the railway especially for the existing bridge. This Research was implemented by increasing of the loading of the standard PM 60/2012 bridge to be compared with the EN1991: 2/2003 standard. This research analyzed the increase in structural strength of the 30m span steel bridge of the BH 182 constructed in Operational Region 2 Bandung as a results of loading adjustment from PM 60/2012 to EN 1991:2/2003.This paper explained an effect caused by increasing load on railway bridges with similar span and materials on normal plane, shear plane, moment and deflection. Structural analysis and calculation was performed by means of SAP2000 software. Results of analysis showed that standard equalization of EN 1991:2/2003 caused increasing percentage of loading combination of Comb L, normal plane, shear plane, moment plane, and deflection are of 35%, 60%, 71%, and 31%, respectively. While for Comb R loading combination for normal plane, shear plane, moment plane, and deflection are of 30%, 64%, 71%, and 30%, respectively.Keywords : PM 60 of 2012; EN1991:2-2003; SAP2000; Normal Field; Shear Field; Moment Field; Deflection.

In order to determine the actual condition of the railway bridge structure in the field, predictive monitoring is needed by installing a structural health monitoring system (SHMS). In the process of applying the SHMS, a bridge design review was applied to have railway bridge characteristics. The purpose of conducting this design review is to determine the allowable threshold for deflection and vibration of the bridge. This paper will present the analysis of the steel frame structure; with a span of 51.60 meters, 4.45 meters wide, of 5.00 meters high, respectively. According to the applicable standards, the loads used following the function of the bridge on the railroad tracks are calculated. The purpose of this paper is to (1) analyze the strength of the attached profile against the working forces, especially the live load of the rail line, (2) to know the deflection that occurs, (3) to know the natural frequency that occurs, and (4) to develop expert systems. The simulation results are used as the basis for placing sensors on the bridge and as the basis for determining the threshold for the railway bridge SHMS.

Bored piles have been used to support transportation infrastructures (offices, a terminal building, power house, warehouses and workshop) in a harbor. The bored piles were penetrated into mostly old alluvial deposits and dilluvial deposits of very stiff marine clay with traces of shell debris. A bored pile was tested as part of this research program to verify the accuracy of the predicted pile capacities. The proposed static prediction capacity methods include Meyerhof, a, b and l methods. The results of the analysis show that Meyerhof method (1951) with inputs of laboratory test data provides closely agreement with static loading test results. The other methods give somewhat conservative prediction. This paper discusses bearing capacity analysis of bored piles based on soil characteristics and static loading test results. Results of the analysis indicate that the bored piles capable of resisting load transmitted from the upper structure. The research will be of interest to many practicing engineers using this kind of piles.

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