STEAM-based learning is a global issue in early-childhood education practice. STEAM content becomes an integrative thematic approach as the main pillar of learning in kindergarten. This study aims to develop a conceptual and practical approach in the implementation of children's education by applying a modification from STEAM Learning to R-SLAMET. The research used a qualitative case study method with data collection through focus group discussions (FGD), involving early-childhood educator's research participants (n = 35), interviews, observation, document analysis such as videos, photos and portfolios. The study found several ideal categories through the use of narrative data analysis techniques. The findings show that educators gain an understanding of the change in learning orientation from competency indicators to play-based learning. Developing thematic play activities into continuum playing scenarios. STEAM learning content modification (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Math) to R-SLAMETS content (Religion, Science, Literacy, Art, Math, Engineering, Technology and Social study) in daily class activity. Children activities with R-SLAMETS content can be developed based on an integrative learning flow that empowers loose part media with local materials learning resources.  Keyword: STEAM to R-SLAMETS, Early Childhood Education, Integrative Thematic Learning References Ali, E., Kaitlyn M, C., Hussain, A., & Akhtar, Z. (2018). the Effects of Play-Based Learning on Early Childhood Education and Development. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 7(43), 4682–4685. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2018/1044 Ata Aktürk, A., & Demircan, O. (2017). A Review of Studies on STEM and STEAM Education in Early Childhood. Journal of Kırşehir Education Faculty, 18(2), 757–776. Azizah, W. A., Sarwi, S., & Ellianawati, E. (2020). Implementation of Project -Based Learning Model (PjBL) Using STREAM-Based Approach in Elementary Schools. Journal of Primary Education, 9(3), 238–247. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpe.v9i3.39950 Badmus, O. (2018). Evolution of STEM, STEAM and STREAM Education in Africa: The Implication of the Knowledge Gap. In Contemporary Issues in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics Teacher Education in Nigeria. Björklund, C., & Ahlskog-Björkman, E. (2017). Approaches to teaching in thematic work: early childhood teachers’ integration of mathematics and art. International Journal of Early Years Education, 25(2), 98–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2017.1287061 Broadhead, P. (2003). Early Years Play and Learning. In Early Years Play and Learning. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203465257 Canning, N. (2010). The influence of the outdoor environment: Den-making in three different contexts. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 18(4), 555–566. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2010.525961 Clapp, E. P., Solis, S. L., Ho, C. K. N., & Sachdeva, A. R. (2019). Complicating STEAM: A Critical Look at the Arts in the STEAM Agenda. Encyclopedia of Educational Innovation, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2262-4_54-1 Colucci, L., Burnard, P., Cooke, C., Davies, R., Gray, D., & Trowsdale, J. (2017). Reviewing the potential and challenges of developing STEAM education through creative pedagogies for 21st learning: how can school curricula be broadened towards a more responsive, dynamic, and inclusive form of education? BERA Research Commission, August, 1–105. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22452.76161 Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2018). From STEM to STEAM: How to Monitor Creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 30(3), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2018.1488195 Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2019). From STEM to STEAM: Cracking the Code? How Creativity & Motivation Interacts with Inquiry-based Learning. Creativity Research Journal, 31(3), 284–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2019.1641678 Cook, K. L., & Bush, S. B. (2018). Design thinking in integrated STEAM learning: Surveying the landscape and exploring exemplars in elementary grades. School Science and Mathematics, 118(3–4), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12268 Costantino, T. (2018). STEAM by another name: Transdisciplinary practice in art and design education. Arts Education Policy Review, 119(2), 100–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/10632913.2017.1292973 Danniels, E., & Pyle, A. (2018). Defining Play-based Learning. In Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development (Play-Based, Issue February, pp. 1–5). OISE University of Toronto. DeJarnette, N. K. (2018). Implementing STEAM in the Early Childhood Classroom. European Journal of STEM Education, 3(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20897/ejsteme/3878 Dell’Erba, M. (2019). Policy Considerations for STEAM Education. Policy Brief, 1–10. Doyle, K. (2019). The languages and literacies of the STEAM content areas. Literacy Learning: The Middle Years, 27(1), 38–50. http://proxy.libraries.smu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eue&AN=133954204&site=ehost-live&scope=site Edwards, S. (2017). Play-based learning and intentional teaching: Forever different? Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 42(2), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.23965/ajec.42.2.01 Faas, S., Wu, S.-C., & Geiger, S. (2017). The Importance of Play in Early Childhood Education: A Critical Perspective on Current Policies and Practices in Germany and Hong Kong. Global Education Review, 4(2), 75–91. Fesseha, E., & Pyle, A. (2016). Conceptualising play-based learning from kindergarten teachers’ perspectives. International Journal of Early Years Education, 24(3), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2016.1174105 Finch, C. R., Frantz, N. R., Mooney, M., & Aneke, N. O. (1997). Designing the Thematic Curriculum: An All Aspects Approach MDS-956. 97. Gess, A. H. (2019). STEAM Education. STEAM Education, November, 2011–2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04003-1 Gronlund, G. (n.d.). “ Addressing Standards through Play-Based Learning in Preschool and Kindergarten .” Gronlund, G. (2015). Planning for Play-Based Curriculum Based on Individualized Goals to Help Each Child Thrive in Preschool and Kindergarten Gaye Gronlund. Gull, C., Bogunovich, J., Goldstein, S. L., & Rosengarten, T. (2019). Definitions of Loose Parts in Early Childhood Outdoor Classrooms: A Scoping Review. The International Journal of Early Childhood Education, 6(3), 37–52. Hapidin, Pujianti, Y., Hartati, S., Nurani, Y., & Dhieni, N. (2020). The continuous professional development for early childhood teachers through lesson study in implementing play based curriculum (case study in Jakarta, Indonesia). International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 12(10), 17–25. Hennessey, P. (2016). Full – Day Kindergarten Play-Based Learning : Promoting a Common Understanding. Education and Early Childhood Development, April, 1–76. gov.nl.ca/edu Henriksen, D. (2017). Creating STEAM with Design Thinking: Beyond STEM and Arts Integration. Steam, 3(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5642/steam.20170301.11 Inglese, P., Barbera, G., La Mantia, T., On, P., Presentation, T., Reid, R., Vasa, S. F., Maag, J. W., Wright, G., Irsyadi, F. Y. Al, Nugroho, Y. S., Cutter-Mackenzie, A., Edwards, S., Moore, D., Boyd, W., Miller, E., Almon, J., Cramer, S. C., Wilkes-Gillan, S., … Halperin, J. M. (2014). Young Children’s Play and Environmental Education in Early Childhood Education. PLoS ONE, 2(3), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.1586/ern.12.106 Jacman, H. (2012). Early Education Curriculum. Pedagogical Development Unit, FEBRUARY 2011, 163. https://www.eursc.eu/Syllabuses/2011-01-D-15-en-4.pdf Jay, J. A., & Knaus, M. (2018). Embedding play-based learning into junior primary (Year 1 and 2) Curriculum in WA. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 43(1), 112–126. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v43n1.7 Kennedy, A., & Barblett, L. (2010). Supporting the Early Years Learning Framework. Research in Practise Series, 17(3), 1–12. Keung, C. P. C., & Cheung, A. C. K. (2019). Towards Holistic Supporting of Play-Based Learning Implementation in Kindergartens: A Mixed Method Study. Early Childhood Education Journal, 47(5), 627–640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-019-00956-2 Keung, C. P. C., & Fung, C. K. H. (2020). Exploring kindergarten teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge in the development of play-based learning. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(2), 244–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1724656 Krogh, S., & Morehouse, P. (2014). The Early Childhood Curriculum : Inquiry Learning Through Integration. Liao, C. (2016). From Interdisciplinary to Transdisciplinary: An Arts-Integrated Approach to STEAM Education. Art Education, 69(6), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043125.2016.1224873 Lillard, A. S., Lerner, M. D., Hopkins, E. J., Dore, R. A., Smith, E. D., & Palmquist, C. M. (2013). The impact of pretend play on children’s development: A review of the evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 139(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029321 Maxwell, L. E., Mitchell, M. R., & Evans, G. W. (2008). Effects of Play Equipment and Loose Parts on Preschool Children’s Outdoor Play Behavior: An Observational Study and Design Intervention. Children, Youth and Environments, 18(2), 37–63. McLaughlin, T., & Cherrington, S. (2018). Creating a rich curriculum through intentional teaching. Early Childhood Folio, 22(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.18296/ecf.0050 Mengmeng, Z., Xiantong, Y., & Xinghua, W. (2019). Construction of STEAM Curriculum Model and Case Design in Kindergarten. American Journal of Educational Research, 7(7), 485–490. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-7-7-8 Milara, I. S., Pitkänen, K., Laru, J., Iwata, M., Orduña, M. C., & Riekki, J. (2020). STEAM in Oulu: Scaffolding the development of a Community of Practice for local educators around STEAM and digital fabrication. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 26, 100197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2020.100197 Moomaw, S. (2012). STEM Begins in the Early Years. School Science and Mathematics, 112(2), 57–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.2011.00119.x Peng, Q. (2017). Study on Three Positions Framing Kindergarten Play-Based Curriculum in China: Through Analyses of the Attitudes of Teachers to Early Linguistic Education. Studies in English Language Teaching, 5(3), 543. https://doi.org/10.22158/selt.v5n3p543 Pyle, A., & Bigelow, A. (2015). Play in Kindergarten: An Interview and Observational Study in Three Canadian Classrooms. Early Childhood Education Journal, 43(5), 385–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-014-0666-1 Pyle, A., & Danniels, E. (2017). A Continuum of Play-Based Learning: The Role of the Teacher in Play-Based Pedagogy and the Fear of Hijacking Play. Early Education and Development, 28(3), 274–289. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2016.1220771 Quigley, C. F., Herro, D., & Jamil, F. M. (2017). Developing a Conceptual Model of STEAM Teaching Practices. School Science and Mathematics, 117(1–2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12201 Ridgers, N. D., Knowles, Z. R., & Sayers, J. (2012). Encouraging play in the natural environment: A child-focused case study of Forest School. Children’s Geographies, 10(1), 49–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2011.638176 Ridwan, A., Rahmawati, Y., & Hadinugrahaningsih, T. (2017). Steam Integration in Chemistry Learning for Developing 21st Century Skills. MIER Journail of Educational Studies, Trends & Practices, 7(2), 184–194. Rolling, J. H. (2016). Reinventing the STEAM Engine for Art + Design Education. Art Education, 69(4), 4–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043125.2016.1176848 Sancar-Tokmak, H. (2015). The effect of curriculum-generated play instruction on the mathematics teaching efficacies of early childhood education pre-service teachers. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 23(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2013.788315 Sawangmek, S. (2019). Trends and Issues on STEM and STEAM Education in Early Childhood. Képzés És Gyakorlat, 17(2019/3-4), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.17165/tp.2019.3-4.8 Science, A. I. (n.d.). STEM Project-Based Learning. Spencer, R., Joshi, N., Branje, K., Lee McIsaac, J., Cawley, J., Rehman, L., FL Kirk, S., & Stone, M. (2019). Educator perceptions on the benefits and challenges of loose parts play in the outdoor environments of childcare centres. AIMS Public Health, 6(4), 461–476. https://doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2019.4.461 Taylor, J., Bond, E., & Woods, M. (2018). A Multidisciplinary and Holistic Introduction. Varun A. (2014). Thematic Approach for Effective Communication in Early Childhood Education Thematic Approach for effective communication in ECCE. International Journal of Education and Psychological Research (IJEPR), 3(3), 49–51. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289868193 Wang, X., Xu, W., & Guo, L. (2018). The status quo and ways of STEAM education promoting China’s future social sustainable development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124417 Whitebread, D. D. (2012). The Importance of Play. Toy Industries of Europe, April, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2015.27.438-441 Wong, S. M., Wang, Z., & Cheng, D. (2011). A play-based curriculum: Hong Kong children’s perception of play and non-play. International Journal of Learning, 17(10), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v17i10/47298 Zosh, J. M., Hopkins, E. J., Jensen, H., Liu, C., Neale, D., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Whitebread, Solis, S. L., & David. (2017). Learning through play : a review of the evidence (Issue November). The LEGO Foundation.

Ocean literacy is currently at the forefront of the development of the notion of marine environmental sustainability. It is critical to compare ocean literacy ideas in curriculum standards. Comics Convey various messages of maritime insight content on integrated, contextual, and meaningful learning. This study aims to design STEAM (to R-SLAMET; Religion, Science, Literacy, Art, Math, Engineer, and Technology) learning that contains ocean literacy messages in a comic media. Through the qualitative research method with study case type, researchers seek to aid early childhood education (ECE) educators in designing R-SLAMET learning through the media to overcome maritime cultural literacy problems. The participants of this study consisted of three educators and 43 children. The findings show that the natural play experience of early childhood can be a source of inspiration to find ocean literacy through R-SLAMET learning activities. Contextual play by children becomes a reference for designing comic-based R-SLAMET learning. Comic media can integrate R-SLAMET learning in improving children's ocean literacy. Keywords: children ocean literacy, comic media, STEAM to R-SLAMET learning design References: Arthur, J. (1990). Cultural Literacy. College English, 52(3), 281–281. JSTOR. https://doi.org/10.2307/377758 Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (2015). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Ravenio Books. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=KCTrCgAAQBAJ Castek, E. J., Hagerman, M. S., Woodard, R., Bonine, K., Coiro, J., Graville, C., Jordan, M., Mencher, R., Olivares, M., Smith, B. E., Stornaiuolo, A., Sult, L., Tan, E., Tucker-raymond, E., & Wen, W. (2019). Principles for Equity-centered Design of STEAM Learning-through-Making. 34–35. Chang, C.-C., Hirenkumar, T. C., & Wu, C.-K. (2021). The Concept of Ocean Sustainability in Formal Education—Comparative Ocean Literacy Coverage Analysis of the Educational Standards of India and the USA. Sustainability, 13(8), 4314. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084314 Chujan, W., Kilenthong, W. T., Patricia, A., Robert, J., Richard, C., Charles, D., John, D., Jere, E., Leslie, A., Jerome, S., Robert, C., Bancroft, K., Lee, J., Carol, S., Lees, N., Mills, R., Haley, S., Eleanor, E., Robert, P., … Erden, F. T. (2019). An early evaluation of a HighScope-based curriculum intervention in rural Thailand. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 12(103), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.7822/omuefd.604939 Creswell, J. W. (2015). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (Fifth edition). Pearson. Fortner, R. W., & Mayer, V. J. (1989). Marine and aquatic education – a challenge for science educators. Science Education, 73(2), 135–154. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.3730730203 Hapidin, Gunarti, W., Pujianti, Y., & Siti Syarah, E. (2020). STEAM to R-SLAMET Modification: An Integrative Thematic Play Based Learning with R-SLAMETS Content in Early Child-hood Education. JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 14(2), 262–274. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpud.142.05 Hapidin, Nurjannah, S. H. (Universitas N. J. (2018). Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Tematik Seribu. Pendidikan Usia Dini, 12(Marine Education), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.121 Hartley, B. L., Thompson, R. C., & Pahl, S. (2015). Marine litter education boosts children’s understanding and self-reported actions. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 90(1), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.049 Hawthorne, M., & Alabaster, T. (1999). Citizen 2000: Development of a model of environmental citizenship. Global Environmental Change, 9(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-3780(98)00022-3 Hermawanti, O., & Susilaningsih, S. (2020). Development of Educational Comic Media Based on PowerPoint Class III Indonesian Language Content. Elementary School Teacher, 4(2), 5. https://doi.org/10.15294/est.v4i2.29027 Hidayat, S., & Ridwan. (2017). Kebijakan poros maritim dan keamanan nasional indonesia: Tantangan dan harapan. Pertahanan & Bela Negara, 7(3), 107–121. Koutníková, M. (2018). The Application of Comics in Science Education. Acta Educationis Generalis, 7(3), 88–98. https://doi.org/10.1515/atd-2017-0026 Melliou, K., Moutafidou, A., & Bratitsis, T. (2014). Digital Comics Use to Develop Thinking Dispositions in Early Childhood Education. 2014 IEEE 14th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, 502–504. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICALT.2014.148 Mogias, A., Boubonari, T., Realdon, G., Previati, M., Mokos, M., Koulouri, P., & Cheimonopoulou, M. Th. (2019). Evaluating Ocean Literacy of Elementary School Students: Preliminary Results of a Cross-Cultural Study in the Mediterranean Region. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 396. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00396 Mokos, M., Realdon, G., & Zubak Čižmek, I. (2020). How to Increase Ocean Literacy for Future Ocean Sustainability? The Influence of Non-Formal Marine Science Education. Sustainability, 12(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410647 Ntobuo, N. E., Arbie, A., & Amali, L. N. (2018). The Development of Gravity Comic Learning Media Based on Gorontalo Culture. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(2), 246–251. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v7i2.14344 Oliver, K. L. (1998). A Journey into Narrative Analysis: A Methodology for Discovering Meanings. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 17(2), 244–259. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.17.2.244 Pramitasari, M., Yetti, E., & Hapidin, H. (2018). Pengembangan Media Sliding Book Untuk Pengenalan Sains Kehidupan (Life Science) Kelautan Untuk Anak Usia 6-7 Tahun. JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 12(2), 281–290. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpud.122.09 Puspitorini, R., Prodjosantoso, A. K., Subali, B., & Jumadi, J. (2017). Penggunaan Media Komik Dalam Pembelajaran Ipa Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Dan Afektif. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v3i3.2385 Rahmatullah, R., Inanna, I., Rakib, M., Mustari, M., & Rabania, R. (2020). Developing Tematic Economic Comic with Characters for Early Childhood. Journal of Educational Science and Technology (EST), 293–300. https://doi.org/10.26858/est.v6i3.14949 Rina, N., Suminar, J. R., Damayani, N. A., & Hafiar, H. (2020). Character education based on digital comic media. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 14(3), 107–127. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i03.12111 Santoro, F., Santin, S., Gail, S., Fauville, G., & Tuddenham, P. (2017). Ocean Literacy for All; A toolkit. UNESCO United Nations Educational. Steel, B. S., Smith, C., Opsommer, L., Curiel, S., & Warner-Steel, R. (2005). Public ocean literacy in the United States. Ocean & Coastal Management, 48(2), 97–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2005.01.002 Syarah, E. S., Yetti, E., Fridani, L., Yufiarti, Hapidin, & Pupala, B. (2019). Electronic comics in elementary school science learning for marine conservation. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 8(4), 500–511. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v8i4.19377 Tatalovic, M. (2009). Science comics as tools for science education and communication: A brief, exploratory study. Journal of Science Communication, 8(4). Tuddenham, P., Schoedinger, S., Cava, F., & Strang, C. (2005). Science Content and Standards for Ocean Literacy: A Report on Ocean Literacy. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.12126.84804 Visbeck, M. (2018). Ocean science research is key for a sustainable future. Nature Communications, 9(1), 690. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03158-3 Yulianti, D., Khanafiyah, S., & Sulistyorini, S. (2016). Inquiry-Based Science Comic Physics Series Integrated with Character Education. 7. Yunandar, Y. (2018). Budaya Bahari Dam Tradisi Nelayan di Indonesia. Sabda: Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan, 1(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.14710/sabda.v1i1.13243

Comic media is one of the learning media that can contain messages and information about various knowledge, experiences, and events in a complete, interesting, and meaningful way. The contents of these stories can also accommodate a variety of learning content such as science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics known as STEAM content (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math). This study aims to obtain information on teachers' understanding of the project learning model and STEAM content used in ECE units. Based on survey research and case studies, this research involved 34 ECE teacher participants representing teachers in the Seribu Islands district, DKI Jakarta. Data collection was carried out using a Google form questionnaire, participatory observation, focused discussions, and document analysis. The research produced several findings, first, comic media is very effective and interesting to provide an overview of STEAM project activities and content for ECE units. Second, learning projects containing STEAM content can be designed through learning tools and teaching modules based on maritime themes. Third, project learning with STEAM content can be one of the characteristics of the implementation of the independent curriculum in ECE units. Finally, the use of comic media in project learning with STEAM content can increase early childhood maritime cultural literacy. It is hoped that the use of comic media will help ECE educators in the Seribu Islands Regency improve their understanding of maritime cultural literacy in early childhood. Keywords: teacher's understanding, ECE steam content, children's comics References:  Almulla, M. A. (2020). The Effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) Approach as a Way to Engage Students in Learning. SAGE Open, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020938702 Asghar, A., Ellington, R., Rice, E., Johnson, F., & Prime, G. M. (2012). Supporting STEM Education in Secondary Science Contexts. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1349 Bagiati, A., & Evangelou, D. (2015). Engineering curriculum in the preschool classroom: The teacher’s experience. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 23(1), 112–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2014.991099 Brown, R., Brown, J., Reardon, K., & Merrill, C. (2011). Understanding STEM: Current Perceptions. Technology and Engineering Teacher. Chen, Y.-L., Huang, L.-F., & Wu, P.-C. (2021). Preservice Preschool Teachers’ Self-efficacy in and Need for STEM Education Professional Development: STEM Pedagogical Belief as a Mediator. Early Childhood Education Journal, 49(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-020-01055-3 Connor, A. M., Karmokar, S., & Whittington, C. (2015). From STEM to STEAM: Strategies for Enhancing Engineering & Technology Education. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (IJEP), 5(2), 37. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v5i2.4458 DeJarnette, N. K. (2018). Implementing STEAM in the Early Childhood Classroom. European Journal of STEM Education, 3(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20897/ejsteme/3878 EL-Deghaidy, H., Mansour, N., Alzaghibi, M., & Alhammad, K. (2017). Context of STEM Integration in Schools: Views from In-service Science Teachers. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01235a Farida, N., & Rasyid, H. (2019). The Effectiveness of Project-based Learning Approach to Social Development of Early Childhood. 296(Icsie 2018), 369–372. https://doi.org/10.2991/icsie-18.2019.67 Garba, S. A., Byabazaire, Y., & Busthami, A. H. (2015). Toward the use of 21stcentury teaching-learning approaches: The trend of development in Malaysian schools within the context of Asia Pacific. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 10(4), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v10i4.4717 Gartrell, D. (2016). Developmentally Appropriate STEM: It’s STREAM! www.ChildCareExchange.com Gebbie, D. H., Ceglowski, D., Taylor, L. K., & Miels, J. (2012). The Role of Teacher Efficacy in Strengthening Classroom Support for Preschool Children with Disabilities Who Exhibit Challenging Behaviors. Early Childhood Education Journal, 40(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-011-0486-5 Hapidin, ., Dhieni, N., & Pujianti, Y. (2020). Transformative Education Perspective: The Maritime Cultural Literacy of the Society Kepulauan Seribu, Dki Jakarta, Indonesia. 168–174. https://doi.org/10.5220/0008996001680174 Hapidin, Nurjannah, & Hartati, S. (2018). Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Tematik Integratif berbasis proyek dalam menerapkan pendidikan kelautan pada anak di Kepulauan Seribu. Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 12(1), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.121 Hapidin, Nurjannah, S. H. (Universitas N. J. (2018). PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK SERIBU. Pendidikan Usia Dini, 12(Marine Education), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.121 Herro, D., & Quigley, C. (2017). Exploring teachers’ perceptions of STEAM teaching through professional development: Implications for teacher educators. Professional Development in Education, 43(3), 416–438. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2016.1205507 Horrace, R. (2021). STREAM into Online Play Groups How Children Adapt to Play in a Rapidly Digitized World. International Journal of the Whole Child, 6(1). https://libjournals.mtsu.edu/index.php/ijwc/article/view/2048 Ismuwardani, Z., Nuryatin, A., & Doyin, M. (2018). Implementation of Project Based Learning Model to Increased Creativity and Self-Reliance of Students on Poetry Writing Skills. Journal of Primary Education, 8(1), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpe.v8i1.25229 Jamil, F. M., Linder, S. M., & Stegelin, D. A. (2018). Early Childhood Teacher Beliefs About STEAM Education After a Professional Development Conference. Early Childhood Education Journal, 46(4), 409–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-017-0875-5 Kim, H., Sefcik, J. S., & Bradway, C. (2017). Characteristics of Qualitative Descriptive Studies: A Systematic Review. Research in Nursing & Health, 40(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21768 Lampe, M. (2012). Bugis–Makassar seamanship and reproduction of maritime cultural values in Indonesia. Jurnal Humaniora, 24(2), 121–132. Maiorca, C., Roberts, T., Jackson, C., Bush, S., Delaney, A., Mohr-Schroeder, M. J., & Soledad, S. Y. (2021). Informal Learning Environments and Impact on Interest in STEM Careers. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 19(1), 45–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-019-10038-9 Margot, K. C., & Kettler, T. (2019). Teachers’ perception of STEM integration and education: A systematic literature review. International Journal of STEM Education, 6(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-018-0151-2 Mengmeng, Z., Xiantong, Y., & Xinghua, W. (2019). Construction of STEAM Curriculum Model and Case Design in Kindergarten. American Journal of Educational Research, 7(7), 485–490. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-7-7-8 Prameswari, T., & Anik Lestariningrum. (2020). Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis STEAM Dengan Bermain Loose Parts Untuk Pencapaian Keterampilan 4c Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun. Efektor, 7(1), 24–34. https://doi.org/10.29407/e.v7i2.14387 Quigley, C. F., Herro, D., & Jamil, F. M. (2017). Developing a Conceptual Model of STEAM Teaching Practices. School Science and Mathematics, 117(1–2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12201 Relevansi, U. D. A. N., & Ahmad, T. A. (2017). Urgensi Dan Relevansi Pembelajaran Sejarah Maritim Untuk Wilayah Pedalaman. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 27(1), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v27i1.9190 Sharapan, H. B. (2012). From STEM to STEAM: How Early Childhood Educators Can Apply Fred Rogers’ Approach. Young Children, 67, 36–40. Shernoff, D. J., Sinha, S., Bressler, D. M., & Ginsburg, L. (2017). Assessing teacher education and professional development needs for the implementation of integrated approaches to STEM education. International Journal of STEM Education, 4(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-017-0068-1 Simoncini, K., & Lasen, M. (2018). Ideas About STEM Among Australian Early Childhood Professionals: How Important is STEM in Early Childhood Education? International Journal of Early Childhood, 50(3), 353–369. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-018-0229-5 Smith, K. L., Rayfield, J., & McKim, B. R. (2015). Effective Practices in STEM Integration: Describing Teacher Perceptions and Instructional Method Use. Journal of Agricultural Education, 56(4), 182–201. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2015.04183 Srikoom, W., Hanuscin, D. L., & Faikhamta, C. (2017). Perceptions of in-service teachers toward teaching STEM in Thailand. Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, 18(2). Wahyuningsih, S., Nurjanah, N. E., Rasmani, U. E. E., Hafidah, R., Pudyaningtyas, A. R., & Syamsuddin, M. M. (2020). STEAM Learning in Early Childhood Education: A Literature Review. International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education, 4(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.20961/ijpte.v4i1.39855

Watching (screen viewing) has become a common activity carried out in early childhood. Generally, children aged 2-5 years do watching activities for about 3 hours more a day. This study aims to see how watching activities together can increase attachment between parents and children. This study uses a qualitative approach that produces descriptive data in the form of written words or messages from people and observed behavior and uses observation, interview, or document review methods. Observations were made on co-viewing activities carried out by a child and his parents at home because this activity was found to have an impact on the attachment relationship between the two parties. The selected respondent is one of the parents of a 3-year-old child (G) (Mrs. B). Data collection was carried out at the residence of Mrs. B and G for several weeks. The data collection techniques used were interviews and observations. The results show that watching activities together has a positive impact on the attachment between parents and early childhood. This can be seen from the characteristics of the safe attachment that children have after watching the activities together, after previously the attachment they had characterized as an avoidant attachment. It can also be seen how parents have a big role in the formation of this secure attachment. Keywords: secure attachment, co-viewing watching activities, parent-children interaction References: Arianda, V., Salim, I. K., & Ruzain, R. B. (2022). Secure Attachment (Kelekatan Aman) Ibu dan Anak dengan Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Pada Anak. Journal of Islamic and Contemporary Psychology (JICOP), 1(2), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.25299/jicop.v1i2.8603 Barr, R., Zack, E., Garcia, A., & Muentener, P. (2008). Infants’ Attention and Responsiveness to Television Increases with Prior Exposure and Parental Interaction. Infancy, 13(1), 30–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/15250000701779378 Belsky, J., & Nezworski, T. (1988). Clinical Implications of Attachment. L. Erlbaum Associates. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=NY1AQTAkhKAC Crain, W. C. (2011). Theories of Development: Concepts and Applications. Prentice Hall. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=z0ZeRwAACAAJ Dearing, E., McCartney, K., Weiss, H. B., Kreider, H., & Simpkins, S. (2004). The promotive effects of family educational involvement for low-income children’s literacy. Journal of School Psychology, 42(6), 445–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2004.07.002 Elias, N., & Sulkin, I. (2017). YouTube viewers in diapers: An exploration of factors associated with amount of toddlers’ online viewing. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2017-3-2 Haridakis, P., & Hanson, G. (2009). Social Interaction and Co-Viewing With YouTube: Blending Mass Communication Reception and Social Connection. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 53(2), 317–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838150902908270 Hiniker, A., Suh, H., Cao, S., & Kientz, J. A. (2016). Screen Time Tantrums: How Families Manage Screen Media Experiences for Toddlers and Preschoolers. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 648–660. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858278 Holloway, D., Green, L., & Livingstone, S. (2013). Zero to eight: Young children and their internet use (pp. 10–13). LSE, London and EU Kids Online. Iskandar, T. P., & Nadhifa, R. A. F. (2021). Fenomena Penggunaan Youtube Channel Pada Anak Usia Dini di Masa Pendemic Covid-19 [The Phenomenon of Using Youtube Channels in Early Childhood During the Covid-19 Pandemic.]. Jurnal Ilmiah LISKI (Lingkar Studi Komunikasi), 7(2). http://journals.telkomuniversity.ac.id/liski Kabali, H. K., Irigoyen, M. M., Nunez-Davis, R., Budacki, J. G., Mohanty, S. H., Leister, K. P., & Bonner, R. L. (2015). Exposure and Use of Mobile Media Devices by Young Children. PEDIATRICS, 136(6), 1044–1050. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-2151 Keene, J. R., Rasmussen, E. E., Berke, C. K., Densley, R. L., Loof, T., Adams, R. B., Mumma, G. H., & Marshall, A. (2019). The effect of plot explicit, educational explicit, and implicit inference information and coviewing on children’s internal and external cognitive processing. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 47(2), 153–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2019.1581367 Kirkorian, H. L., Pempek, T. A., Murphy, L. A., Schmidt, M. E., & Anderson, D. R. (2009). The Impact of Background Television on Parent-Child Interaction. Child Development, 80(5), 1350–1359. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01337.x Lemish, D., & Rice, M. L. (1986). Television as a talking picture book: A prop for language acquisition. Journal of Child Language, 13(2), 251–274. Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000900008047 Moleong, L. J., & Surjaman, T. (1989). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. Remadja Karya. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=YXsknQEACAAJ Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W., & Feldman, R. D. (2007). Human Development. McGraw-Hill. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=tGHmxgEACAAJ Pempek, T. A., Demers, L. B., Hanson, K. G., Kirkorian, H. L., & Anderson, D. R. (2011). The impact of infant-directed videos on parent–child interaction. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 32(1), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2010.10.001 Pempek, T. A., Kirkorian, H. L., & Anderson, D. R. (2014). The Effects of Background Television on the Quantity and Quality of Child-Directed Speech by Parents. Journal of Children and Media, 8(3), 211–222. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2014.920715 Pires de Sá, F. (2015). The co-viewing 2.0: Detaching from History and Applying in the New Media Age. КУЛТУРА/CULTURE, 5(11). Rachmat, I. F. (2019). Pengaruh Kelekatan Orang Tua Dan Anak Terhadap Penggunaan Teknologi Digital Anak Usia Dini [The Influence of Attachment of Parents and Children to the Use of Digital Technology in Early Childhood]. Jurnal Jendela Bunda Program Studi PG-PAUD Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon, 6(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.32534/jjb.v6i1.546 Santrock, J. W. (2009). Child Development. McGraw Hill. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=I58GLwAACAAJ Sims, C. E., & Colunga, E. (2013). Parent-Child Screen Media Co-Viewing: Influences on Toddlers’ Word Learning and Retention. Cognitive Science, 35. Skaug, S., Englund, K. T., & Wichstrøm, L. (2018). Young children’s television viewing and the quality of their interactions with parents: A prospective community study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 59(5), 503–510. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12467 Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., & Rodriguez, E. T. (2015). Parents’ Role in Fostering Young Children’s Learning and Language Development. In Encyclopedia of the Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development (CEECD). Toth, S. L., & Cicchetti, D. (2013). A Developmental Psychopathology Perspective on Child Maltreatment. Child Maltreatment, 18(3), 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559513500380 Vaala, S. E., & Hornik, R. C. (2014). Predicting US Infants’ and Toddlers’ TV/Video Viewing Rates: Mothers’ Cognitions and Structural Life Circumstances. Journal of Children and Media, 8(2), 163–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2013.824494 Vandewater, E. A., Bickham, D. S., & Lee, J. H. (2006). Time Well Spent? Relating Television Use to Children’s Free-Time Activities. Pediatrics, 117(2), e181–e191. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-0812 Zimmerman, F. J., Christakis, D. A., & Meltzoff, A. N. (2007). Television and DVD/Video Viewing in Children Younger Than 2 Years. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161(5), 473–479. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.161.5.473  

Pada saat ini pendidikan inklusif sudah mulai diaplikasikan di Indonesia. Pengaplikasian ini dimulai dari jenjang  pendidikan  anak usia dini sampai  ke jenjang  sekolah  menengah.  Berbagai  produk  hukum  dan deklarasi   sudah  ada  bahkan  pelaksanaannya   juga  sudah  dilakukan.   Namun  belum  semua   tenaga kependidikan memiliki pengetahuan tentang hal ini, untuk itu diperlukan pemberdayaan terhadap mereka.  Jurusan PG PAUD FIP UNJ terpanggil untuk melakukan pendampingan terhadap pendidik PAUD di Kecamatan Ciomas Kotamadya Bogor dalam rangka mengembangkan PAUD Inklusif. Kegiatan ini merupakan kegiatan lanjutan tahun lalu dimana Pendidik PAUD di Kecamatan Ciomas Kotamadya Bogor telah  diberikan  pembekalan  pengetahuan  tentang  Anak  Berkebutuhan  Khusus  (ABK)  yang  dilakukan melalui aktivitas seminar dan diskusi atau melalui Forum Group Discussion (FGD).  Kegiatan  ini  memiliki  tujuan  untuk  memberikan  pendampingan  pada  pendidik  PAUD  untuk  dapat melakukan proses identifikasi dan asesmen terhadap Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) sebagai sebuah proses dalam mengembangkan  PAUD Inklusif di Wilayah Kecamatan  Ciomas Kotamadya  Bogor Jawa Barat.