<p>Ulasan ini menyoroti makin tingginya prevalensi miopia di dunia, bahaya miopia tinggi, faktor risikonya serta pencegahan terkait faktor risiko tersebut.</p><p>This review highlight the increasing prevalence of myopia all over the world, the potential danger of high myopia, risk factors and its prevention.</p>

Ulasan ini menyoroti makin tingginya prevalensi miopia di dunia, bahaya miopia tinggi, faktor risiko, serta pencegahan terkait faktor risiko tersebut. This review highlights the increasing prevalence of myopia all over the world, the potential danger of high myopia, risk factors, and its prevention.

Introduction: The primary treatment in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is vitrectomy; however, direct intervention to the dense proliferative fibrovascular membrane may lead to massive hemorrhage obscuring the surgery process. Purpose: to review the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as an adjuvant therapy before pars plana vitrectomy in PDR cases. Review: Anti-VEGF has been proposed as an adjuvant preceding the vitrectomy to lower intraoperative and post-operative complications. On the other hand, it could increase fibrosis which triggers tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in PDR cases. Conclusion: Intervals of five to ten days are considered the most ideal between anti-VEGF injection and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) surgery in which the adjuvant therapy has made neovascularization regression and before the occurrence of fibrovascular contractions.