SIMULATIONS ON NICKEL TARGET PREPARATION AND SEPARATION.OF Ni(II)-Cu(II) MATRIX FORPRODUCTION OF RADIOISOTOPE64Cu64Ni (p,n) 64  and retained on the column while the nickel was kept in the form of Ni2+  2+  2+ and CuCl while the nickel was totally in the form of Ni2+  while the nickel was found as both Ni2+ and NiCl   while the nickel was mostly in the form of Ni2+. The retained CuCl was then changed back into Cu2+     Keywords 64 Cu, Anion exchange chromatography.: Nickel target preparation, Radioisotope Cu-64, Separation of Ni(II)-Cu(II) matrix, Nuclear reaction of 64Ni(p,n) cation form andeluted out the column by using HCl 0.05 M. The 42– 4 2–.The best condition of separation was in HCl 8 M in which the radioactive copper was mostly in the form of CuCl 42– 42– . In the condition ofHCl 9 M, the radioactive copper was mostly in the form of CuCl 42– cation. It was found that the electroplating result from the acidic solution was more satisfied than that from the basic solution. By conditioning the matrix solution at HCl 6 M, the radioactivecopper was found in the forms of Cucation and eluted off from the column. The retained radioactive copper was then eluted out the column in the condition of dilute HCl changingback the copper anion complex into Cu42– Cu. The nickel target preparation was performed by means of electroplating method using acidic solution of nickel chloride - boric acid mixture and basic solution of nickel sulphate – nickel chloridemixture on a silver- surfaced-target holder. The simulated solution of Ni(II) – Cu(II) matrix was considered as thesolution of post-proton-irradiated nickel target containing both irradiated nickel and radioactive copper, but in thepresented work the proton irradiation of nickel target was omitted, while the radioactive copper was originallyobtained from neutron irradiation of CuO target. The separation of radioactive copper from the nickel target matrixwas based on anion exchange column chromatography in which the radiocopper was conditioned to form anioncomplex CuClg-spectrometric analysis showed a single strong peak at 511 keVwhich is in accord to g-annihilation peak coming from positron decay of Cu-64, and a very weak peak at 1346 keVwhich is in accord to g-ray of Cu-64.. The simulations on Nickel target preparation and separation of Ni(II)- Cu(II) matrix has been carried out as a preliminary study for production of medical radioisotope Cu-64 based onnuclear reaction of

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Keloids are skin disorders or benign tumours that are due to abnormal wound healing in the binding tissue after trauma, inflammation, surgical wounds, or burns. Low activity radioisotopes have shown to be effective in curing or eliminating keloids on the skin. One of these radioisotopes is phosphorus-32 (32 P), a beta (β-) emitter with a half-life of 14.3 days. This radioisotope can also be developed for the treatment of keloid and skin tumours. Currently, the keloid is treated by conventional methods where a filter paper which has been wetted with 32 P in form of its sodium phosphate directly applied on the area of the keloid. However, this method is considered inefficient and less secure. The purpose of this research is to obtain technology for preparing of 32 P-labeled skin patch which is expected to be which will not decompose easily. The first step of this research is to produce 32 P-labeled chromic phosphate (Cr 32 PO 4) colloids, a precursor of skin patch, through condensation which involves oxidation-reduction reaction. In this step, Cr (VI) is reduced to Cr (III) to form Cr 32 PO 4 with a particle size of <1 μm. These particles (Cr 32 PO 4) are expected to evenly distributed when mixed with silicon to form skin patch. The reaction gave a yield of 97,8%. The results of characterization show that the prepared Cr 32 PO 4 colloids have a particle size of > 1μm. Further study needs to be performed in due time in order to have Cr 32 PO 4 colloids with suitable particle size.

Radioisotope 64 Cu Nuclear reaction of 64 Zn (n,p) 64 Cu Radionuclidic separation of 64 Cu Neutron irradiation of natural Zn Molecular-targeted-radiopharmaceutical Radioisotope 64 Cu is a promising radiometallic-isotope for molecular-targetedradiopharmaceuticals. Having a half-life of 12.70 hours and emitting β +-radiation (E β+ = 0.6531 MeV) as well as βray (E β− = 0.5787 MeV), it is widely used in the form of biomedical-substrate-radiopharmaceutical for positron emission tomography (PET) diagnosis and simultaneously for targeted radiotherapy of cancer. The potential needs on the availability of 64 Cu-labeled pharmaceuticals for domestic nuclear medicine hospitals lead to a necessity for the local production of carrier-free 64 Cu using BATAN's G.A. Siwabessy reactor because of the technical and economical constraints in the production using BATAN's cyclotron. The presented work is accordingly to study whether the radioisotope 64 Cu can be produced and separated from the matrix of post-neutron-irradiated-natural zinc. This study is expected can be further improved and implemented in production technology of carrier-free 64 Cu based on 64 Zn (n,p) 64 Cu nuclear reaction exploiting the fast neutron fraction among the major thermal fraction due to unavailability of fast-neutron-irradiation facility in the BATAN's G.A. Siwabessy reactor. The solution of post-neutron-irradiated-natural zinc in 1M acetic acid was loaded into Chelex-100 cation exchanger resin column to pass out the Zn/Zn* fraction whereas the Cu* fraction which remained in the column was then eluted out from the column by using 1.5 M HCl and loaded into the second column containing Dowex-1X8 anion exchanger resin. The second column was then eluted with 0.5 M HCl. The collected eluate was expected to be zinc-free Cu* fraction. It was observed from the half-life and the γ-spectrometric analysis that radioactive copper-64 Cu containing 67 Cu was produced by neutron activation on the natural Znfoil target and can be separated from the target matrix by the presented two-stepscolumn-chromatographic separation technique. The radioactivity measurement showed that wrapping the Zn target with cadmium foil increased the activity of radioactive copper and, thus, the Cu*/Zn*-ratio.

Silicone patch has active ingredient of radioisotope Phosphorus-32 (32P) in the form of chromic phosphate (Cr32PO4). Radioisotope 32P is a β− (beta) emitter radionuclide with an energy of 1.71 MeV, having a half-life (T½) 14.3 days. A silicone patch with radioactive content of the radioisotope 32P has been used for keloid therapy. Radioisotope 32P as an active substance releases beta emitter continuously which causes the death of fibroblast and inhibits cell proliferation from keloid. In order to provide more optimal results, the distribution of chromic phosphate in silicone patches should be spread evenly. In this case, it provides a good therapeutic effect because of the energy of beta emitter is being released uniform. A chromic phosphate can be made from chromic acid reduction (redox) and phosphoric acid-containing radioisotope 32P by reducing Chrom VI to Chrom III using sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) reducing agent. In this study, we will determine the distribution of radioisotope 32P in silicone patches using an autoradiography scanner. Data from enumeration results were calculated statistically to obtain a relative standard deviation (RSD). The result shows that silicone patch sample has RSD of 0.036% with an average value of 14009482.6 ± 5041.4DLU (digital light unit) for lane and column size (10 x 14).