The atom model of Quantum Mechanics (QM) was conceived from an unsolved paradox. Indeed, Schrödinger's equation has been deducted by considering a free electron, but it is applied for the atom, where the electron is inside a potential. In order to eliminate the nonsense, quantum theorists proposed a ridiculous postulate: they claim it makes sense to use the equation because it gives results in agreement to experimental data. The unsolved paradox evidences that Schrödinger's equation cannot be applied to the physical conditions considered in the QM atom model, and that his equation actually requires some special conditions not considered in the theory (for instance, the electron helical trajectory, rejected by Heisenberg). The banishment of the aether has introduced several paradoxes in the development of Theoretical Physics. And because the theorists have neglected other paradox (from the mathematical probability the spectacular successes of Bohr's hydrogen atom cannot be accidental), these two unsolved paradoxes introduced dramatic consequences in the development of Nuclear Physics.

Another published paper of the author proposes that proton and neutron radii have contraction inside the atomic nuclei, generating a discrepancy of 8s between the neutron lifetime measured in beam and bottle experiments. According to the present theory, the neutron radius in beam experiments dilates from 0.26fm up to 0.87fm during the initial 8s, after which begins the process of decay. The present paper proposes a new neutron model with quark structure d(u-e-u), with an electron sandwiched between two up quarks. It reproduces very well all neutron properties, as for instance the radial charge distribution, impossible to be reproduced considering the current quark model ddu. So, the radial charge distribution of neutrons (obtained from beam experiments, if measured in the first initial 8 seconds of their lifetime) has to exhibit a curve a little different of that measured in 2007 in the Jefferson Lab. Here is proposed to JLab to repeat the experiment under such new condition.

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Abdus Salam and his co-workers proposed the concept of strong gravity in the 1960s, as an alternative to the young QCD, so that to solve the puzzles concerning to confinement and asymptotic freedom, not requiring, as occurs in QCD, to abandon the behavior of a force acting from the inverse-square law. At that time asymptotic freedom in QED was observed by some theorists, and by Gerard't Hooft in 1972, whose physical significance however was realized only one year later by David Gross, Frank Wilczek and David Politzer. They "rehabilitated" the Quantum Field Theory, because prior to their discovery it was under suspicion, since Coulomb interactions become infinitely strong at very short distances. But this approach has not so far led to a Grand Unified Theory. Then we are forced to think whether the "rehabilitation" is possible by other alternative, rather than by asymptotic freedom, because there are so many unacceptable puzzles in nuclear physics, that they oblige us to conclude that some of the fundamental principles of the nuclear theory are wrong. Therefore, if some principles of the nuclear theory are wrong, it is possible that the "rehabilitation" must be sought in the atomic nucleus, as proposed herein.

Schrödinger developed his famous equation from the standard wavelength. However, as demonstrated here, inside the atom, the electron does not move according to de Broglie-Einstein’s postulate λ = h/p, because the wavelength of the electron’s motion varies with the distance to the nucleus. Therefore, Schrödinger’s equation does not quantify the real electron’s motion in atoms. Here, the equation of a variable wavelength for electron motion inside atoms is introduced. The calculation, applied to the hydrogen atom, achieves energy level values very close to the experimental values. This successful result can provide a deeper understanding of the behavior of electrons in atoms and improve the fundamentals of quantum mechanics (QM). However, beyond the question concerning the postulate λ = h/p, two other fundamental principles may be missing in modern QM, and they are: an anisotropic space inside atoms and a motion of the electron through a helical trajectory.