The winemaking sector generates considerable quantity of biodegradable waste, that may be used as a solid fuels in several combustion technologies. Importantly, the specificity of both material physicochemical properties and production periodicity of grape marc imposes some limitations in its utilization within power units. In the article issues concerning combustion and co-combustion with lignite and bituminous coals of grape residues from wine industry were presented and discussed. The grape pomace was identified and compared to other solid fuels on the basis of proximate and ultimate analysis. The physicochemical parameters proved, that winemaking residues are similar to more conventional types of solid biomass (wood, straw), however, they contain more nitrogen. That fact may lead to increased emissions of NO x , particularly unfavourable in the case of small heating systems. Moreover, grape pomace differed significantly from coals, therefore, when utilised in existing single coal-fired power station, it seems to be vital to limit its presence in fuel mixture to 5-10%. In subsequent parts of the paper, in order to assess the yield of winemaking residues, production ratios (per unit of manufactured wine) of this type of biomass were proposed (0.18-0.35 kg per 1 litre of wine) as well as the influence of the moisture content on their technical potential in heat generation. Finally, cogeneration unit supplied by grape pomace in two ways were identified and calculated in terms of the identification of both electricity and heat capacities per wine production unit.

The article presents an overview of the literature concerning issues of exploitation of coal pilverizers. Coal mills are the basic sets which correct work depends largely on the quality of the combustion process in power plants. Many years of operating experience made currently available mills characterized by high reliability and efficiency. However, increasing requirements of crunching number quality, work flexibility and security, pose new challenges for designers. Ensuring optimal operation of mills requires solution of a number of operating problems, which include wear of grinding components, ensuring the proper fragmentation of dust and fire safety. An additional difficulty is the fact, that these devices due to the nature of their work, in each case must be treated individually. This means that solution of a problem into one device, do not always take the same effect into another. Article presents the most important technologies of pulverizers in polish energy. Also describes the most important problems faced by service staff and how to prevent them.

Reducing the amount of energy required in industrial activities is one of the proven ways to achieve major cost savings, especially in the face of soaring energy prices. In the transport sector, besides the financial benefits, low energy consumption leads to the significant reduction of emissions of many pollutants. In this paper the new concept of dual power technology, dedicated to heavy road transport, was modelled and analysed by computer simulations. The combination of organic Rankine cycle and Brayton cycle was proposed, where the waste heat of fumes was recognized as a upper heat source, whereas the surrounding was adopted to be the lower one. Improvement of total energy conversion efficiency of the truck was the key success factor. Environmental friendly fluids (air and R123) were utilised. The operating parameters, power characteristics and energy streams (i.e. dispersion) of the system were evaluated, calculated and commented from the perspective of its theoretical profitability. The calculated net power capacity of analysed dual system was around 50 hp for 100% load. However, when the engine load is below 50% of nominal capacity, the power generation of combined system might be lower than in the case of single ORC system.

Presented article is based on the concept of autonomous generator of methane which may be potential used in small and medium scale industries for the energy generation. The installation is powered by renewable energy sources, using both the solar and wind energies An essential element of the system is reactor of methane filled by hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Operation of the presented reactor is also supported by a catalytic activity of nanoparticles, which can be synthesized via a bioreduction process. Methane may be used directly or injected into local distribution network, also may support local cogeneration installations. In the article, it is described in details all stages of the whole process leading to the methane generation. The possibility of cooperation between developed solution and the national energy system is also discussed.

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