An effective and practical synthesis of α‐ketothioesters has been reported for direct oxidative thioesterification of substitutional acetophenones with dimethyl sulfoxide and iodine in the presence of boric acid and acetic anhydride in high yields. According to the control experiments and literatures, the reaction mechanism was proposed to undergo via Pummerer rearrangement.

The indole motifs play a significant role in the pharmaceutical exploitation and the synthesis of naturel products, and transition metal catalyzed selective CÀ H bond activation of indoles has received extensive attention. However, the functionalization of CÀ H bonds on the benzene core is still a great challenge. By installing a bulky protecting group on the nitrogen and under the assistance of an ester directing group, we realized the Rh-catalyzed alkenylation of indole at C4 position with high efficiency. This catalytic method exhibits satisfactory functional group compatibility and regioselectivity.

The use time of difference of arrival (TDOA) or angle of arrival (AOA) in locating the target requires at least four base stations. The measurement accuracy of different base stations varies due to different relative positions of the base station and the target. Therefore, the measurement results of different base stations cannot be discussed simultaneously. A new TDOA localization algorithm based on weighting fusion of position coordinates of target source was proposed to address this problem. First, maximum likelihood estimation was used to acquire the position coordinates of multiple groups of target sources on the 2D plane with time of arrival (TOA) and AOA of signals from base stations to the target source. Second, the coordinates were applied with weighted fusion according to the relative angle between the signals emitted from the base stations and target source to obtain relatively accurate 3D position coordinates. Finally, the proposed algorithm was compared with TDOA localization algorithm and TDOA-AOA combined localization algorithm. Results reveal that the proposed algorithm increases accuracy by 68.33% and 48.27% compared with TDOA localization algorithm and TDOA-AOA combined localization algorithm, respectively. Weighting data fusion can increase the calculation accuracy more effectively than the averaging method. This study increases the accuracy of 3D target localization in complicated environment. The proposed method shows prospect to optimize the wireless positioning technology in military and civilian fields.

The accurate and real-time performance of trajectory estimation directly affects projectile observation and correction. However, estimation performance may suffer from poor real-time and weak anti-jamming capabilities when sensors, such as optics/acoustics, global positioning system, or radar are used to estimate trajectory. This study proposed a novel trajectory estimation algorithm based on the ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning technique to improve real-time estimation accuracy. The state equation was established based on UWB positioning technology, which combined time difference of arrival (TDOA) and angle of arrival, and then compared with single TDOA location technology. Square root cubature Kalman filter (SRCKF) was used to estimate the trajectory. However, the filtering accuracy decreased when the measured value was abnormal. The adaptive square root cubature Kalman filter (ASRCKF) method was proposed to deal with this problem. Judgment as to whether the ASRCKF method should be used was presented. Results show that the joint positioning method is superior to the single positioning method, and that the ASRCKF method can remove bad measured values. Hence, the method effectively solved the error that occurred in the measurement process and obtained accurate estimation results.