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Locomotion of humanoid robot depends on the mechanical characteristic of the robot. Walking on descending stairs with integrated control systems for the humanoid robot is proposed. The analysis of trajectory for descending stairs is calculated by the constrains of step length stair using fuzzy algorithm. The established humanoid robot on dynamically balance on this matter of zero moment point has been pretended to be consisting of single support phase and double support phase. Walking transition from single support phase to double support phase is needed for a smooth transition cycle. To accomplish the problem, integrated motion and controller are divided into two conditions: motion working on offline planning and controller working online walking gait generation. To solve the defect during locomotion of the humanoid robot, it is directly controlled by the fuzzy logic controller. This paper verified the simulation and the experiment for descending stair of KMEI humanoid robot.

<p><em>This paper presents a balance control for humanoid robot for walking on the stair. Kinematics, dynamics, and control system are the complex problems for humanoid robot especially in walking through the stair. The goal of this paper is to implement the control methods for the robot to be able to walk through the stair. The complexities are influenced by the number of joint movements of 33 degree of freedom (DoF) resulting flexible movements. This movement patterns in walking on the stair considers the height and the width of the stair by using the feedback sensors and the proportional-integral (PI) controller. Walking transition from single phase to double phase is needed to conduct the smooth transition. To solve that problem, an integrated motion and controller are divided to two conditions: working motion in the offline planning and working motion in the online implementation. Vertical movement and the step-length movement are needed due to the additional movements are required for walking on the stair. That is why, PI controller is used to achieve the balance condition. Each controller is used in detail with the results of experiments and simultions. The kinematics approach for simulation has 100% successful rate and the real-time experiments have 93% of error. The effectivity and results of the proposed algorithm for humanoid robot are verified by the experiments to walk on the stair.</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong>: dynamic, kinematic, balance control, humanoid robot</em></p><p><em>Makalah ini menyajikan kontrol keseimbangan untuk robot humanoid dalam berjalan di atas tangga. Kinematika, dinamika, dan sistem kendali merupakan masalah kompleks pada robot humanoid khususnya untuk berjalan melewati tangga. Tujuan akhir makalah ini adalah penerapan metode kontrol pada robot humanoid agar robot dapat berjalan di atas tangga. Kompleksitas pada robot dipengaruhi oleh banyaknya penggerak sebesar 33 derajat kebebasan (DoF) sehingga menghasilkan gerakan yang fleksibel. Pola gerakan ketika berjalan diatas tangga ini mempertimbangkan tinggi tangga dan lebar tangga dengan adanya umpan balik pada sensor dan system kendali keseimbangan menggunakan proporsional-integral (PI) kontroler. Transisi berjalan dari fase dukungan tunggal ke fase dukungan ganda diperlukan untuk kelancaran siklus transisi. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut, sebuah gerakan terintegrasi dan pengontrol dibagi menjadi dua kondisi: gerakan bekerja pada perencanaan offline dan pengontrol bekerja yang berjalan online. Hal ini dikarenakan kebutuhan tambahan gerakan vertikal pada tinggi tangga dan panjang langkah ketika menaiki tangga. Oleh karena itu, kontroler PI digunakan untuk mencapai kondisi keseimbangan. Setiap pengendali ditangani secara detail dengan hasil eksperimen dan simulasi. Pendekatan Kinematika untuk simulasi memiliki hasil yang baik berdasarkan percobaan simulasi 100% dan percobaan secara langsung dengan robot memiliki error 93%. Efektivitas dan kinerja dari algoritma kontrol yang diusulkan diverifikasi melalui percobaan naik tangga pada humanoid robot.</em></p><p><em><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: dinamika, kinematika, kendali keseimbangan, robot humanoid</em></p>