Objective. This study aimed to construct a 5-year survival prediction model of coronary heart disease (CHD) induced chronic heart failure (CHF), which is supported by the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) factor, and to verify the model. Methods. Inpatients from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017, in seven hospitals in Shandong Province were studied. The random number table was used to randomly divide the seven hospitals into two groups (training set and verification set). In the training set, the least absolute shrinkage selection operator regression was first used to screen the independent variables. Logistic regression was then applied to construct a survival prediction model. The following nomogram visualizes the prediction model results. Finally, C-indices, calibration curves, and decision curves were used to discriminate and calibrate the established model and evaluate its practicability in the clinic. Bootstrap resampling and the verification set were used for internal and external verification, respectively. Results. A total of 424 eligible patients were included in the model construction and verification. In this 5-year survival prediction model of patients with CHF induced by CHD, eight independent predictors were included. The series of C-indices for the training set, bootstrap resamples, and verification set was 0.885, 0.867, and 0.835, respectively, demonstrating the credibility of our model. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and clinical decision curve analysis of the training and verification sets showed that this 5-year survival prediction model was good in discrimination, calibration, and clinical practicability. Conclusion. This work highlights eight independent factors affecting 5-year mortality in patients with CHF induced by CHD after discharge and further helps reallocate medical resources rationally by precisely identifying high-risk groups. The constructed prediction model not only plays a credible role in prediction but also demonstrates TCM intervention as a protective factor for the 5-year death of patients with CHF induced by CHD, thereby advancing the use of TCM in CHF.

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Background Growing evidence indicates that handgrip strength (HGS) is a conspicuous marker for assessing some diseases affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals. However, research regarding HGS and heart failure (HF) is sparse and controversial. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between HGS and HF among adults aged 45 years and older in the United States. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we included 4880 adults older than 45 years who were part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2014). A general linear model was used to estimate the association between HGS and HF. Age, gender, race, income level, education level, body mass index level, smoking status, drinking status, diabetes, hypertension and stroke covariates were adjusted using a multiple regression model. And further subgroup analysis was conducted. Results We documented 206 cases of HF, including 112 men and 94 women. HGS was negatively associated with HF after adjusting for all the covariates (odds ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval = 0.96, 0.98; P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quintile, the highest quintile was associated with an 83% lower incidence of HF (odds ratio = 0.17, 95% confidence interval = 0.07, 0.40; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the results remained stable. Conclusions In US adults older than 45, HGS level was an independent negative correlation with the incidence of HF after adjusting for covariates. Based on our findings, HGS may be a marker for predicting HF in middle-aged and elderly individuals.