Determinar la presencia de estrés, ansiedad y depresión en pacientes con cáncer referidos al Servicio de Cuidados paliativos, así como determinar la relación entre la sobrecarga y el sobresfuerzo del cuidador. Métodos: Un total de 81 pacientes mujeres y hombres con diagnóstico de cáncer, y también 81 mujeres y hombres cuidadores principales fueron reclutados en una Unidad de Cuidados paliativos. Se registraron datos clínicos y sociodemográficos.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Identificar y analizar los procesos socioemocionales de estudiantes de nivel superior derivados de las medidas sanitarias por COVID-19. Método. Investigación exploratoria, descriptiva, transversal de corte cuantitativo, realizada en una comunidad estudiantil (n = 3194). Mediante un cuestionario en línea se indagaron los efectos psicosociales y procesos socioemocionales generados por el distanciamiento social. El incremento y disminución de las emociones antes y después del inicio de la jornada de sana distancia se analizó con la prueba t de Student. Resultados. Antes del COVID-19 se reportaron emociones de bienestar y malestar. Antes y durante el distanciamiento por COVID-19 se reportaron emociones de bienestar y malestar, observándose diferencias significativas (p < 0.05) en todas las emociones evaluadas con excepción de estrés (mujeres t = 0.331; p = 0.740; hombres t = 1.297; p = 0.197), ansiedad (diversa t = 2.666; p = 0.183) y depresión (diversa t = 1.30958; p = 0.195). La situación financiera personal y familiar genera mayor preocupación en la población (70%) y destaca como estrategia para mejorar el ánimo el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas y tabaco en hombres (30 a 32 años; 46%). Discusión y conclusión. El análisis del incremento de malestar emocional en la población estudiantil en el distanciamiento social por COVID-19 requiere incluir las determinantes sociales y los componentes socioculturales de las emociones para explicar los procesos socioemocionales ante situaciones de emergencia.   ABSTRACT Objectives. Identify and analyze the socio-emotional processes of university students resulting from social distancing measures for COVID-19. Method. Exploratory, descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional research carried out in a student community (n = 3,194). Psychosocial effects and socio-emotional processes generated by social distancing were investigated through the use an online questionnaire. The increase and decrease in emotions before and after the start of the Healthy Distance Days was analyzed with Student's t-test. Results. Before and during COVID-19 distancing emotions of wellbeing and discomfort were reported, a significant difference (p <0.05) was observed in all the emotions evaluated with the exceptions of stress (women t = 0.331; p = 0.740; men t = 1.297; p = 0.197), anxiety (diverse t = 2.666; p = 0.183) and depression (diverse t = 1.30958; p = 0.195). Personal and family financial situations generate greater concern in the population (70%) and the consumption of alcoholic beverages and tobacco in men (30 to 32 years; 46%) stands out as a strategy to improve mood. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the increase in emotional distress in the student population during social distancing for COVID-19 requires including the social determinants and the socio-cultural components of emotions to explain the socio-emotional processes in emergency situations.

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Objective: To establish the presence of stress, anxiety and depression in palliative care patients and caregivers and determine the relation with burden and strain of the caregiver. Methods: A total of 81 male and female patients who were diagnosed with cancer and 81 male and female primary caregivers were recruited in a palliative care unit of an Oncology Hospital. Clinical and sociodemographic data of participants were collected. The Perceived Stress Scale and the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory were used. The caregivers completed the Zarit Burden Interview and the Caregiver Strain Index. Results: More than 60% of the patients evaluated were women, with breast and cervical cancers being the most frequent. Among men, gastrointestinal cancer was the most frequent. The majority of patients was married, with children, without a basic education, unemployed and of low social status. A typical profile of the caregiver of the cancer patient was observed: women (79%, daughter or wife), with basic education, married, with children, with occupation at home, and of low socioeconomic level. Among both patients and caregivers, 23% reported having stress. Of the total number of patients, 54% had depressive symptoms that require greater psychiatric attention. Both caregiver burden (p < 0.005) and caregiver strain (p < 0.000) were associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: It is necessary to create multidisciplinary interventions for cancer patients in the palliative care stage and their principal caregivers, which should be carried out in order to improve their mental health.

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