Dielectric polyimides (PIs) are ubiquitous as insulation in electrical power systems and electronic devices. Generally, dynamic polyimide is required to solve irreversible failure processes of electrical or mechanical damage, for example, under high temperature, pressure, and field strength. The challenge lies in the design of the molecular structure of rigid polyimide to achieve dynamic reversibility. Herein, a low‐molecular‐weight polyimide gene unit is designed to crosslink with polyimide ligase to prepare the smart film. Interestingly, due to the variability of gene unit and ligase combinations, the polyimide films combining hardness with softness are designed into three forms via a “Mimosa‐like” bionic strategy to adapt to different application scenarios. Meanwhile, the films have good degradation efficiency, excellent recyclability, and can be self‐healable, which makes them reuse. Clearly, the films can be used in the preparation of ultrafast sensors with a response time ≈0.15 s and the application of corona‐resistant films with 100% recovery. Furthermore, the construction of polyimide and carbon‐fiber‐reinforced composites (CFRCs) has been verified to apply to the worse environment. Nicely, the composites have the property of multiple cycles and the non‐destructive recycle rate of carbon fiber (CF) is as high as 100%. The design idea of preparing high‐strength dynamic polyimide by crosslinking simple polyimide gene unit with ligase could provide a good foundation and a clear case for the sustainable development of electrical and electronic polyimides, from the perspective of Mimosa bionics.
Polyimides (PIs) are widely used in circuit components, electrical insulators, and power systems in modern electronic devices and large electrical appliances. Electrical/mechanical damage of materials are important factors that threaten reliability and service lifetime. Dynamic (self‐healable, recyclable and degradable) PIs, a promising class of materials that successfully improve electrical/mechanical properties after damage, are anticipated to solve this issue. The viewpoints and perspectives on the status and future trends of dynamic PI based on a few existing documents are shared. The main damage forms of PI dielectric materials in the application process are first introduced, and initial strategies and schemes to solve these problems are proposed. Fundamentally, the bottleneck issues faced by the development of dynamic PIs are indicated, and the relationship between various damage forms and the universality of the method is evaluated. The potential mechanism of the dynamic PI to deal with electrical damage is highlighted and several feasible prospective schemes to address electrical damage are discussed. This study is concluded by presenting a short outlook and future improvements to systems, challenges, and solutions of dynamic PI in electrical insulation. The summary of theory and practice should encourage policy development favoring energy conservation and environmental protection and promoting sustainability.
Self-healing of damage is a common phenomenon in organisms but is hardly ever encountered in rigid polymer materials. For next-generation electricals and electronics, it is crucial to accurately mimic organisms...
Recyclability and self‐healing are two most critical factors in developing sustainable polymers to deal with environmental pollution and resource waste. In this work, a dynamic cross‐linked polyimide insulation film with full closed‐loop recyclability is successfully prepared, which also possesses good self‐healing ability after being mechanical/electrical damaged depending on the Schiff base dynamic covalent bonds. The recycled and self‐healed polyimide film still maintain its good tensile strength (σt) >60 MPa with Young's modulus (E) >4 GPa, high thermal stability with glass transition temperature (Tg) >220 °C, and outstanding insulation property with breakdown strength (E0) >358 kV mm−1, making it a very promising low energy consumption and high temperature resistant insulation material. The strategy of using Schiff base dynamic covalent bonds for reversible repairing the structure of high Tg polyimides promotes the wider application of such sustainable and recyclable material in the field of electrical power and micro‐electronics.
Polyimides (PIs) used in advanced electrical and electronic devices can be electrically/mechanically damaged, resulting in a significant waste of resources. Closed‐loop chemical recycling may prolong the service life of synthetic polymers. However, the design of dynamic covalent bonds for preparing chemically recyclable crosslinked PIs remains a challenging task. Herein, new crosslinked PI films containing a PI oligomer, chain extender, and crosslinker are reported. They exhibit superior recyclability and excellent self‐healable ability owing to the synergistic effect of the chain extender and crosslinker. The produced films can be completely depolymerized in an acidic solution at ambient temperature, leading to efficient monomer recovery. The recovered monomers may be used to remanufacture crosslinked PIs without deteriorating their original performance. In particular, the designed films can serve as corona‐resistant films with a recovery rate of approximately 100%. Furthermore, carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRCs) with PI matrices are suitable for harsh environments and can be recycled multiple times at a non‐destructive recycling rate up to 100%. The preparation of high‐strength dynamic covalent adaptable PI hybrid films from simple PI oligomers, chain extenders, and crosslinkers may provide a solid basis for sustainable development in the electrical and electronic fields.
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