Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome are the most common types of primary cutaneous T cell lymphoma, which primarily involves skin without curative treatment. We report a case of a 29‐year‐old female Chinese patient, who developed multiple cutaneous lesions gradually for 5 years. However, the patient could not tolerate pruritus and ulceration of cutaneous lesions, so she was admitted to hospital and diagnosed with advanced MF based on clinical manifestation, laboratory, and image results. Then she received four cycles of COPE regimen (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, and etoposide). Although the skin lesions shrinked and sense of pruritus alleviated quickly after the chemotherapy, the effective remission duration was not satisfactory. Therefore, the patient received gemcitabine and thalidomide for three cycles subsequently. Still the remission duration was not long lasting. After that, she took chidamide orally two times a week. By the time of 7 weeks, the patches almost diminished and the patient did not feel itching for almost 6 months. And, she did not have any adverse effect and had a better quality of life than the period of chemotherapy.

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a unique B-cell lymphoproliferative malignancy that has a critical pathogenesis characterized by a sparse population of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells surrounded by numerous dysfunctional immune cells. Although systemic chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy, has significantly improved the prognosis of the majority of patients with HL, a subset of patients remains refractory to first-line therapy or relapse after achieving an initial response. With the increased understanding of the biology and microenvironment of HL, novel strategies with notable efficacy and manageable toxicity, including targeted therapies, immunotherapy and cell therapy have emerged. The present review summarizes the progress made in developing novel therapies for HL and discusses future research directions in HL therapy.

ObjectiveThe study aimed to detect the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) in thyroid cancer and investigate the correlation between their expression and clinical features and different pathological types.MethodsThe expression of ERs in 56 samples of thyroid cancer tissues was detected by an immunochemical approach. The expression of ERs in thyroid cancer tissues and different pathological types were analyzed using the χ2 test.ResultsThe number of cases with positive expression of ER in thyroid cancer tissues was 36. The number of papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs) was 48, with positive expression of ERs in 32 cases. The number of follicular thyroid cancers was 4, with positive expression of ERs in 2 cases. The number of medullary thyroid cancers was 4, with negative expression of ERs in all cases. The difference between the expression and different pathological types showed statistical significance. The expression of ERs showed no correlation with sex, age, or TNM stage, with no statistical significance. However, the expression of ERs was correlated with metastasis of lymph nodes, which had statistical significance. The expression of ERs was negatively correlated with pathological types and metastasis of lymph nodes. The correlated coefficient index was -0.313 and -0.334, respectively.ConclusionThe expression of ERs showed no correlation with sex, age, or TNM stage, but was negatively correlated with pathological types and metastasis of lymph nodes.

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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe syndrome of pathological immune activation caused by activated macrophages and cytotoxic T cells. We report a 65‐year‐old male Chinese patient with typical HLH features caused by peripheral T‐cell lymphoma and then received chemotherapy. However, though the patient's symptoms and signs improved much, his liver function, especially bilirubin, worsened which could be caused by overwhelming cytokines production. Therefore, plasmapheresis was conducted two times and then his liver function significantly recovered. The patient got temporary remission and good quality of life for nearly 2 months but died because of disease progression. In conclusion, as HLH is associated with multiorgan failure, high rates of morbidity and mortality, there are three points to be mentioned. First, it is critical that HLH should be screened as early as possible and initiate effective therapies. Second, plasmapheresis could be a useful method to eliminate excess cytokines production and improve liver function. Third, organs support and nutrient supply are also necessary and important.