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Aiming at power system security threats such as failures and external attacks, power system security simulation technologies study system behaviors through simulation experiments or numerical calculation. As information technologies such as automatic control, network communication, and artificial intelligence are widely used, power system has developed into an cyber-physical system(CPS) which is deeply coupled by physical system and information system.The faults caused by physical damage or network attack are interrelated in the power system and can spread across domains, which result in new security threats. Power system security simulation is facing new challenges. This paper reviews security incidents with significant impact on the power system in the past, and analyzes the requirement and development of power system security simulation technologies from three dimensions, i.e., engineering security, network security, and cyber-physical integrated security. From these dimensions, the representative security simulation testbeds are classified and summarized. Moreover, the challenges and development trends of power system security simulation technologies are explored.

Real-time pricing is an attractive tariff for demand response programs, in which consumers could provide load flexibility by adjusting their electricity consumption in response to timevarying electricity prices. This paper reveals a new threat called real-time pricing response attack (RPRA), which manipulates consumers' electricity consumption by tampering with electricity price signals. Simulations are performed in IEEE 24-bus, 39-bus, and 118-bus systems, and the results show that 8% to 28% of the transmission lines could be overloaded by the attack, which could cause serious security problems. Results of sensitivity analysis indicate that the attack effects are influenced by various factors, such as DR models, price elasticity, line capacities etc. To defend against the RPRA attack, we have proposed various detection and mitigation strategies.