Melasma is a commonly acquired pigmentary disorder characterized by symmetric hyperpigmentation appearing as brown macules and patches on sun-exposed areas of the face and neck. The precise mechanism of melasma remains unknown; however, melasma is associated with some factors, such as genetic susceptibility, ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, pregnancy, sex hormones, contraceptive pills, cosmetics, phototoxic drugs and inflammatory processes. [1][2][3] Melasma significantly affects patients' appearance and quality of life. 4 Although various therapeutic modalities have been attempted to treat melisma, including laser ablation, chemical peeling and depigmenting agents used to lighten melasma to some degree, no universally effective procedure or agent guarantees satisfactory results. 2,3 However, clinicians and patients are especially deeply concerned of the post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation caused by laser. 5

The efficacy and safety of amorolfine 5% nail lacquer in combination with systemic antifungal agents in the treatment of the onychomycosis were evaluated. According to our meta-analysis, combination treatment of amorolfine 5% nail lacquer and systemic antifungals can result in higher percentage of complete clearance of onychomycosis. It showed that the experimental combination group was more effective than monotherapy of the systemic antifungals [OR (odds ratio) = 1.97, 95%CI (95% confidence interval) = 1.44-2.69], and no more adverse events happened with the addition of amorolfine 5% nail lacquer (OR = .96, 95%CI = .56-1.63, p = .95). This effect strengthens the fact that amorolfine 5% nail lacquer in combination with systemic antifungal agents was better than the monotherapy of systemic antifungals like itraconazole and terbinafine.

The results strengthen the fact that postoperative cell salvage is effective and safe to reduce the rate of transfusion after TKR and THR. As the relatively poor methodological quality and heterogeneity, further research is needed to confirm its safety and cost-effectiveness.

Itraconazole is safe and effective at a dose of 5 mg/kg per day in a short duration of therapy for superficial fungal infections and 10 mg/kg per day for systemic fungal infections in infants. With a good compliance, it is cost-effective in treating infantile fungal infections. The profiles of adverse events induced by itraconazole in infants are similar to those in adults and children.

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of luliconazole cream 1% in the treatment of dermatophytoses. According to our meta-analysis, short-term treatment of luliconazole cream 1% can result in the complete clearance of dermatophytoses. It showed that 1% luliconazole was more effective than controlled drugs or vehicle (week 4: odds ratio = 1.46, 95% confidence interval = 1.12-1.91), and no more adverse events occurred in the 1% luliconazole group (week 4: odds ratio = 1.01, 95% confidence interval = 0.71-1.44). This effect strengthens the evidence for luliconazole cream 1% being more effective than vehicle, 1% terbinafine, 1% bifonazole, and 0.1% or 0.5% luliconazole.