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A mathematical model of single-stage thermoelectric refrigeration system (SSTRS) was built considering the influence of external heat transfer. Based on the relationship between the input system design variables and the output cooling capacity, the coefficient of performance and the influence of the fluctuation of the design variables on the stability of the thermoelectric refrigeration system output performance parameters were studied using a moment-independent sensitivity analysis. The Latin hypercube sampling method was used to simulate the fluctuation of the design variables, and their moment-independent sensitivity indices were calculated by the Monte Carlo method. The design variables were then sorted according to their importance to the output parameters, and the key design variables affecting the coefficient of performance and the cooling capacity were obtained. These results can provide useful guidance for the design and optimisation of SSTRS.

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Summary In this paper, a mathematical model of two‐stage thermoelectric refrigeration system is established considering the influence of external heat transfer and its performance is analysed based on finite‐time thermodynamics and Newton's heat transfer law. Taking the cooling capacity and coefficient of performance of the two‐stage thermoelectric refrigeration system as separate objective functions, the general relationship between cooling capacity, coefficient of performance, and working design parameters of the system is determined. The influence of the fluctuation of the input design parameters on the output performance parameters is studied using a global sensitivity analysis based on the variance response. The main and total Global sensitivity indices of input parameters that affect the output performance are calculated, and the related sensitivity ranking are obtained. The results can be used to guide the performance analysis and parameter optimization of two‐stage thermoelectric refrigeration system in application.