Magnetic separation is a promising strategy in protein separation. Owing to their unique one-dimensional structures and desired magnetic properties, stacked-cup carbon nanotubes (CSCNTs) with magnetic nanoparticles trapped in their tips can serve as train-like systems for protein separation. In this study, we functionalized the magnetic CSCNTs with high density of carboxyl groups by radical addition and then anchored 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) through amidation reaction to achieve oriented conjunction of antibodies (IgG). It was also demonstrated that the obtained magnetic CSCNTs-APBA-IgG conjugates could readily react with target antigens through specific antigen-antibody reaction and be used as new magnetic systems for protein separation.

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Hybrid nanomaterial exergy drop and thermal manners were examined in this work with involving the porous media in middle part of the pipe. Moreover, to augment the rotational velocity, disturber device was applied in test section. The two sections near the entrance and outlet were in absence of disturber and porous zone because of importance of shun of backflow and reach of fully developed condition. Laminar flow with assume of homogeneous mixture for hybrid nanomaterial (Al2O[Formula: see text] and water) results in final model with involving the non-Darcy approach for permeable media. Finite volume approach was applied for achieving the outputs which are exergy loss (Xd) and hydrothermal behavior. Use of additives results in lower Xd more than 7.7% when [Formula: see text]. With growth of Re, the Xd declines around a bit greater than 19%. Utilizing higher permeability allows the hybrid nanofluid moves quicker and exergy loss augments less than 10.5%.

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